Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Manifestations and its Associated Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ernakulam District: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: India is referred to as the “Diabetes Capital of the World” with a weighted prevalence of diabetes of 11.4%. In addition to microvascular and macrovascular complications, musculoskeletal manifestations of diabetes mellitus (MMDMs) also cause significant pain, morbidity, and a decrease...

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Main Authors: Kelita George, Sobha George, Nisha Bhavani, Renjitha Bhaskaran
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-01-01
Series:Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijem.ijem_217_24
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author Kelita George
Sobha George
Nisha Bhavani
Renjitha Bhaskaran
author_facet Kelita George
Sobha George
Nisha Bhavani
Renjitha Bhaskaran
author_sort Kelita George
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: India is referred to as the “Diabetes Capital of the World” with a weighted prevalence of diabetes of 11.4%. In addition to microvascular and macrovascular complications, musculoskeletal manifestations of diabetes mellitus (MMDMs) also cause significant pain, morbidity, and a decrease in quality of life. Previous studies in our country were from tertiary healthcare centres, and the actual community-based prevalence of MMDMs is unknown. The study aims to determine the prevalence of MMDMs and the factors associated with them in the Ernakulam district of Kerala. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was done in 600 adults with diabetes in the Ernakulam district of Kerala. Cluster sampling was adopted. Through the probability proportional to sample size method, 20 clusters were identified with each having 30 participants. The study participants were clinically examined for various MMDMs. Results: The prevalence of MMDMs was found to be 44.83%. Osteoarthritis knee emerged as the most prevalent MMDM involving 22% of the participants, followed by frozen shoulder, in 12.2%. Diabetic cheiroarthropathy, trigger finger, and carpal tunnel syndrome were noted in 6.7%, 4.7%, and 3.8% of participants, respectively. Multivariable analysis showed a significant association between MMDMs and increased BMI, higher socioeconomic status, longer duration of diabetes, and unsatisfactory physical activity. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for regular musculoskeletal system assessment in patients with diabetes which needs to be made mandatory in clinical practice and also conducting screening for the same in the community level to prevent further complications and to improve quality of life.
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spelling doaj-art-47311b1059f64aeaa7d60732c5ec3ba22025-08-20T02:59:06ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism2230-82102230-95002025-01-01291616810.4103/ijem.ijem_217_24Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Manifestations and its Associated Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ernakulam District: A Cross-Sectional StudyKelita GeorgeSobha GeorgeNisha BhavaniRenjitha BhaskaranIntroduction: India is referred to as the “Diabetes Capital of the World” with a weighted prevalence of diabetes of 11.4%. In addition to microvascular and macrovascular complications, musculoskeletal manifestations of diabetes mellitus (MMDMs) also cause significant pain, morbidity, and a decrease in quality of life. Previous studies in our country were from tertiary healthcare centres, and the actual community-based prevalence of MMDMs is unknown. The study aims to determine the prevalence of MMDMs and the factors associated with them in the Ernakulam district of Kerala. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was done in 600 adults with diabetes in the Ernakulam district of Kerala. Cluster sampling was adopted. Through the probability proportional to sample size method, 20 clusters were identified with each having 30 participants. The study participants were clinically examined for various MMDMs. Results: The prevalence of MMDMs was found to be 44.83%. Osteoarthritis knee emerged as the most prevalent MMDM involving 22% of the participants, followed by frozen shoulder, in 12.2%. Diabetic cheiroarthropathy, trigger finger, and carpal tunnel syndrome were noted in 6.7%, 4.7%, and 3.8% of participants, respectively. Multivariable analysis showed a significant association between MMDMs and increased BMI, higher socioeconomic status, longer duration of diabetes, and unsatisfactory physical activity. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for regular musculoskeletal system assessment in patients with diabetes which needs to be made mandatory in clinical practice and also conducting screening for the same in the community level to prevent further complications and to improve quality of life.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijem.ijem_217_24complications of diabetescommunity prevalencediabetes mellitusmusculoskeletal manifestations
spellingShingle Kelita George
Sobha George
Nisha Bhavani
Renjitha Bhaskaran
Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Manifestations and its Associated Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ernakulam District: A Cross-Sectional Study
Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
complications of diabetes
community prevalence
diabetes mellitus
musculoskeletal manifestations
title Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Manifestations and its Associated Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ernakulam District: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Manifestations and its Associated Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ernakulam District: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Manifestations and its Associated Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ernakulam District: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Manifestations and its Associated Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ernakulam District: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_short Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Manifestations and its Associated Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ernakulam District: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort prevalence of musculoskeletal manifestations and its associated factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in ernakulam district a cross sectional study
topic complications of diabetes
community prevalence
diabetes mellitus
musculoskeletal manifestations
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijem.ijem_217_24
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AT nishabhavani prevalenceofmusculoskeletalmanifestationsanditsassociatedfactorsinpatientswithtype2diabetesmellitusinernakulamdistrictacrosssectionalstudy
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