The risk of thyroid diseases in lichen sclerosus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Background/objective Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting both genital and extra-genital areas and is found predominantly in female patients. The relationship between LS and thyroid diseases remains unclear, with conflicting evidence reported in the literature. This...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Annals of Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2548978 |
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| author | Suvijak Untaaveesup Piyawat Kantagowit Nattawut Leelakanok Wongsathorn Eiumtrakul Petcharpa Chansate Walaiorn Pratchyapruit Chutintorn Sriphrapradang |
| author_facet | Suvijak Untaaveesup Piyawat Kantagowit Nattawut Leelakanok Wongsathorn Eiumtrakul Petcharpa Chansate Walaiorn Pratchyapruit Chutintorn Sriphrapradang |
| author_sort | Suvijak Untaaveesup |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background/objective Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting both genital and extra-genital areas and is found predominantly in female patients. The relationship between LS and thyroid diseases remains unclear, with conflicting evidence reported in the literature. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between LS and thyroid diseases rigorously.Materials and methods We conducted a comprehensive search using two electronic databases, MEDLINE and Embase, from inception to May 2024, to identify observational studies investigating the relationship between LS and thyroid diseases. A random-effects model was used to meta-analyse the pooled odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) from the included articles.Results A total of 14 observational articles encompassing 22,112,979 participants were included. Nine of these studies included only female participants. The analysis revealed that LS was significantly associated with an increased risk of autoimmune thyroid diseases, with an odds ratio of 2.38 (95% CI, 1.46–3.86; I2 = 84%). Additionally, an association was found between hyperthyroidism and an odds ratio of 2.01 (95% CI, 1.40–2.88; I2 = 0%). Furthermore, patients with LS exhibited a non-significant increase in the odds ratio for Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, hypothyroidism and other unspecified thyroid disorders.Conclusions This meta-analysis provided insight into thyroid diseases in patients with LS, revealing a significant association with an increased risk of autoimmune thyroid disease and hyperthyroidism. Further research is needed to clarify this association and enhance the comprehensive care of patients with LS. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4705e980bbce4917869f78b45cbf8a1a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0785-3890 1365-2060 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-4705e980bbce4917869f78b45cbf8a1a2025-08-21T14:39:54ZengTaylor & Francis GroupAnnals of Medicine0785-38901365-20602025-12-0157110.1080/07853890.2025.2548978The risk of thyroid diseases in lichen sclerosus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysisSuvijak Untaaveesup0Piyawat Kantagowit1Nattawut Leelakanok2Wongsathorn Eiumtrakul3Petcharpa Chansate4Walaiorn Pratchyapruit5Chutintorn Sriphrapradang6Chao Khun Paiboon Hospital, Kanchanaburi, ThailandFaculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandDivision of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, ThailandDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandFaculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, ThailandInstitute of Dermatology, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandBackground/objective Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting both genital and extra-genital areas and is found predominantly in female patients. The relationship between LS and thyroid diseases remains unclear, with conflicting evidence reported in the literature. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between LS and thyroid diseases rigorously.Materials and methods We conducted a comprehensive search using two electronic databases, MEDLINE and Embase, from inception to May 2024, to identify observational studies investigating the relationship between LS and thyroid diseases. A random-effects model was used to meta-analyse the pooled odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) from the included articles.Results A total of 14 observational articles encompassing 22,112,979 participants were included. Nine of these studies included only female participants. The analysis revealed that LS was significantly associated with an increased risk of autoimmune thyroid diseases, with an odds ratio of 2.38 (95% CI, 1.46–3.86; I2 = 84%). Additionally, an association was found between hyperthyroidism and an odds ratio of 2.01 (95% CI, 1.40–2.88; I2 = 0%). Furthermore, patients with LS exhibited a non-significant increase in the odds ratio for Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, hypothyroidism and other unspecified thyroid disorders.Conclusions This meta-analysis provided insight into thyroid diseases in patients with LS, revealing a significant association with an increased risk of autoimmune thyroid disease and hyperthyroidism. Further research is needed to clarify this association and enhance the comprehensive care of patients with LS.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2548978Autoimmune thyroiditisGraves’ diseaseHashimoto diseasehyperthyroidismhypothyroidismmeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Suvijak Untaaveesup Piyawat Kantagowit Nattawut Leelakanok Wongsathorn Eiumtrakul Petcharpa Chansate Walaiorn Pratchyapruit Chutintorn Sriphrapradang The risk of thyroid diseases in lichen sclerosus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Annals of Medicine Autoimmune thyroiditis Graves’ disease Hashimoto disease hyperthyroidism hypothyroidism meta-analysis |
| title | The risk of thyroid diseases in lichen sclerosus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | The risk of thyroid diseases in lichen sclerosus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | The risk of thyroid diseases in lichen sclerosus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The risk of thyroid diseases in lichen sclerosus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | The risk of thyroid diseases in lichen sclerosus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | risk of thyroid diseases in lichen sclerosus patients a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Autoimmune thyroiditis Graves’ disease Hashimoto disease hyperthyroidism hypothyroidism meta-analysis |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2548978 |
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