Full-Length Sequence Analysis of Chloroquine Resistance Transporter Gene in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Sabah, Malaysia

Chloroquine resistance (CQR) in falciparum malaria was identified to be associated with several mutations in the chloroquine resistance transporter gene (pfcrt) that encodes the transmembrane transporter in digestive vacuole membrane of the parasite. This study aimed to investigate the point mutatio...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lii Lian Tan, Tiek Ying Lau, William Timothy, Dhanaraj Prabakaran
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2014-01-01
Series:The Scientific World Journal
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/935846
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849405123971776512
author Lii Lian Tan
Tiek Ying Lau
William Timothy
Dhanaraj Prabakaran
author_facet Lii Lian Tan
Tiek Ying Lau
William Timothy
Dhanaraj Prabakaran
author_sort Lii Lian Tan
collection DOAJ
description Chloroquine resistance (CQR) in falciparum malaria was identified to be associated with several mutations in the chloroquine resistance transporter gene (pfcrt) that encodes the transmembrane transporter in digestive vacuole membrane of the parasite. This study aimed to investigate the point mutations across the full-length pfcrt in Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Sabah, Malaysia. A total of 31 P. falciparum positive samples collected from Keningau, Kota Kinabalu, and Kudat, Sabah, were analyzed. pfcrt was PCR amplified and cloned prior to sequence analysis. This study showed that all the previously described 10 point mutations associated with CQR at codons 72, 74, 75, 76, 97, 220, 271, 326, 356, and 371 were found with different prevalence. Besides, two novel point mutations, I166V and H273N, were identified with 22.5% and 19.3%, respectively. Three haplotypes, namely, CVMNK (29%), CVIET (3.2%), and SVMNT (67.7%), were identified. High prevalence of SVMNT among P. falciparum isolates from Sabah showed that these isolates are closer to the P. falciparum isolates from Papua New Guinea rather than to the more proximal Southeast Asian CVIET haplotype. Full-length analysis of pfcrt showed that chloroquine resistant P. falciparum in Sabah is still prevalent despite the withdrawal of chloroquine usage since 1979.
format Article
id doaj-art-46f5c32793a4443e84ab782ea34f56db
institution Kabale University
issn 2356-6140
1537-744X
language English
publishDate 2014-01-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series The Scientific World Journal
spelling doaj-art-46f5c32793a4443e84ab782ea34f56db2025-08-20T03:36:45ZengWileyThe Scientific World Journal2356-61401537-744X2014-01-01201410.1155/2014/935846935846Full-Length Sequence Analysis of Chloroquine Resistance Transporter Gene in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Sabah, MalaysiaLii Lian Tan0Tiek Ying Lau1William Timothy2Dhanaraj Prabakaran3Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MalaysiaBiotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MalaysiaInfectious Diseases Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 88560 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MalaysiaKudat District Hospital, 89057 Kudat, Sabah, MalaysiaChloroquine resistance (CQR) in falciparum malaria was identified to be associated with several mutations in the chloroquine resistance transporter gene (pfcrt) that encodes the transmembrane transporter in digestive vacuole membrane of the parasite. This study aimed to investigate the point mutations across the full-length pfcrt in Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Sabah, Malaysia. A total of 31 P. falciparum positive samples collected from Keningau, Kota Kinabalu, and Kudat, Sabah, were analyzed. pfcrt was PCR amplified and cloned prior to sequence analysis. This study showed that all the previously described 10 point mutations associated with CQR at codons 72, 74, 75, 76, 97, 220, 271, 326, 356, and 371 were found with different prevalence. Besides, two novel point mutations, I166V and H273N, were identified with 22.5% and 19.3%, respectively. Three haplotypes, namely, CVMNK (29%), CVIET (3.2%), and SVMNT (67.7%), were identified. High prevalence of SVMNT among P. falciparum isolates from Sabah showed that these isolates are closer to the P. falciparum isolates from Papua New Guinea rather than to the more proximal Southeast Asian CVIET haplotype. Full-length analysis of pfcrt showed that chloroquine resistant P. falciparum in Sabah is still prevalent despite the withdrawal of chloroquine usage since 1979.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/935846
spellingShingle Lii Lian Tan
Tiek Ying Lau
William Timothy
Dhanaraj Prabakaran
Full-Length Sequence Analysis of Chloroquine Resistance Transporter Gene in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Sabah, Malaysia
The Scientific World Journal
title Full-Length Sequence Analysis of Chloroquine Resistance Transporter Gene in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Sabah, Malaysia
title_full Full-Length Sequence Analysis of Chloroquine Resistance Transporter Gene in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Sabah, Malaysia
title_fullStr Full-Length Sequence Analysis of Chloroquine Resistance Transporter Gene in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Sabah, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Full-Length Sequence Analysis of Chloroquine Resistance Transporter Gene in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Sabah, Malaysia
title_short Full-Length Sequence Analysis of Chloroquine Resistance Transporter Gene in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Sabah, Malaysia
title_sort full length sequence analysis of chloroquine resistance transporter gene in plasmodium falciparum isolates from sabah malaysia
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/935846
work_keys_str_mv AT liiliantan fulllengthsequenceanalysisofchloroquineresistancetransportergeneinplasmodiumfalciparumisolatesfromsabahmalaysia
AT tiekyinglau fulllengthsequenceanalysisofchloroquineresistancetransportergeneinplasmodiumfalciparumisolatesfromsabahmalaysia
AT williamtimothy fulllengthsequenceanalysisofchloroquineresistancetransportergeneinplasmodiumfalciparumisolatesfromsabahmalaysia
AT dhanarajprabakaran fulllengthsequenceanalysisofchloroquineresistancetransportergeneinplasmodiumfalciparumisolatesfromsabahmalaysia