National-scale mapping of ecosystems to improve ocean accounting for marine and coastal management in Indonesia

National-scale mapping of ecosystems to improve ocean accounting for marine and coastal management in Indonesia

This study presents a comprehensive national-scale mapping of Indonesia's coastal ecosystems — coral reefs, mangroves and seagrass — using Sentinel-2 and SPOT satellite imagery. The mapping covers 2018 and 2021, validated with ground-truthing and secondary data and spatial analyses were con...

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Main Authors: Teguh Satria Gunawan, Marsha Hamidah, Agavia Kori Rahayu, Nabila Nur Septiani, Jessica Pingkan, Agus Hermansyah, Muhammad Farhan, Rusdatus Sholihah, Angela Belladova Arundina, Diah Retno Minarni, Rahmatia Susanti, Gin Gin Gustiar, Desi Nurulita Kusumastuti, Gabriella Rosya Maharani, Muhammad Dimas Nurhakim, Putri Vency Khalishah, Irgi Fadilah Rahman, Nicky Nugianto, Amehr Hakim, Firdaus Agung, Annisya Rosdiana, Heidi Retnoningtyas, Intan Destianis Hartati, Efin Muttaqin, Sophia German, Jordan Gacutan, Irfan Yulianto
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Pensoft Publishers 2025-05-01
Series:One Ecosystem
Subjects:
ecosystem extent
ecosystem services
geographic i
Online Access:https://oneecosystem.pensoft.net/article/155166/download/pdf/
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Summary:This study presents a comprehensive national-scale mapping of Indonesia's coastal ecosystems — coral reefs, mangroves and seagrass — using Sentinel-2 and SPOT satellite imagery. The mapping covers 2018 and 2021, validated with ground-truthing and secondary data and spatial analyses were conducted using modelling and digitisation. This study revealed changes in ecosystem extent where coral reefs increased from 1,212,207.46 ha in 2018 to 1,216,249.74 ha in 2021, while seagrass expanded from 273,122.60 ha to 273,950.87 ha and mangroves expanded from 3,329,459.72 ha to 3,364,769.05 ha. Despite these overall increases, localised declines were observed due to human-driven degradation, particularly in Fisheries Management Areas 571, 573, 711, 713, 714, 715 and 716. The study highlights the importance of accurate spatial data for ocean accounts, aiding in the calculation of ecosystem services and providing information for marine spatial planning, marine protected areas and fisheries management. We also addressed challenges, including data limitations, technological infrastructure, methodological advancements and time constraints. These findings underscore the need for integrated management and conservation efforts to maintain and enhance the resilience of coastal and marine ecosystems.
ISSN:2367-8194

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