Assessment of medical waste generation, disposal practices and health implications at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, West Guji, Ethiopia
Abstract Background Medical waste management is a critical global public health concern, particularly in developing countries, where inadequate disposal practices pose significant environmental and health risks. This study assessed the medical waste generation rate, management practices, and healthc...
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Springer Nature
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Discover Health Systems |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s44250-025-00261-3 |
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| author | Abaineh Kefale Gashaw Sekhar Pitta Leta Diro Jifera |
| author_facet | Abaineh Kefale Gashaw Sekhar Pitta Leta Diro Jifera |
| author_sort | Abaineh Kefale Gashaw |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Medical waste management is a critical global public health concern, particularly in developing countries, where inadequate disposal practices pose significant environmental and health risks. This study assessed the medical waste generation rate, management practices, and healthcare workers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing direct waste measurement, observational checklists, and structured questionnaires administered to 115 healthcare workers. Inferential statistical tests, such as linear regression and chi-square tests, were applied to examine the relationships between healthcare workers' demographics and their waste management knowledge and practices. Results The hospital generated an average of 687.72 kg of healthcare waste per day, with 56.94% classified as general waste and 43.06% as hazardous waste. The waste generation rate was 1.58 kg/bed/day, with infectious waste accounting for 33.78% of the total. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices analysis revealed that while 88.69% of respondents recognized the importance of proper waste management, only 52.17% believed that healthcare waste was properly managed in their service unit. Segregation practices were inadequate, with only 28.69% having received formal training on healthcare waste management. The primary disposal methods—open burning (65.21%) and placenta pit burial—raise concerns about environmental contamination and public health risks. Furthermore, 79.13% of healthcare workers acknowledged that contaminated needles could cause Hepatitis B, yet only 24.34% reported that the facility provided Hepatitis B vaccination for staff. Conclusions The study highlights significant gaps in waste segregation, disposal practices, and healthcare workers’ training. It recommends the implementation of standardized waste segregation protocols, safe disposal mechanisms, and strict regulatory enforcement. Strengthening institutional capacity through comprehensive training programs and raising awareness among healthcare workers is essential to improving medical waste management in Ethiopian healthcare facilities. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-46473e09b5eb4a84ab2eaa81a2246b1a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2731-7501 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Springer Nature |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Discover Health Systems |
| spelling | doaj-art-46473e09b5eb4a84ab2eaa81a2246b1a2025-08-20T03:43:11ZengSpringer NatureDiscover Health Systems2731-75012025-07-014112510.1007/s44250-025-00261-3Assessment of medical waste generation, disposal practices and health implications at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, West Guji, EthiopiaAbaineh Kefale Gashaw0Sekhar Pitta1Leta Diro Jifera2Department of Environmental Science, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Bule Hora UniversityDepartment of Environmental Science, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Bule Hora UniversityDepartment of Geology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Bule Hora UniversityAbstract Background Medical waste management is a critical global public health concern, particularly in developing countries, where inadequate disposal practices pose significant environmental and health risks. This study assessed the medical waste generation rate, management practices, and healthcare workers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing direct waste measurement, observational checklists, and structured questionnaires administered to 115 healthcare workers. Inferential statistical tests, such as linear regression and chi-square tests, were applied to examine the relationships between healthcare workers' demographics and their waste management knowledge and practices. Results The hospital generated an average of 687.72 kg of healthcare waste per day, with 56.94% classified as general waste and 43.06% as hazardous waste. The waste generation rate was 1.58 kg/bed/day, with infectious waste accounting for 33.78% of the total. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices analysis revealed that while 88.69% of respondents recognized the importance of proper waste management, only 52.17% believed that healthcare waste was properly managed in their service unit. Segregation practices were inadequate, with only 28.69% having received formal training on healthcare waste management. The primary disposal methods—open burning (65.21%) and placenta pit burial—raise concerns about environmental contamination and public health risks. Furthermore, 79.13% of healthcare workers acknowledged that contaminated needles could cause Hepatitis B, yet only 24.34% reported that the facility provided Hepatitis B vaccination for staff. Conclusions The study highlights significant gaps in waste segregation, disposal practices, and healthcare workers’ training. It recommends the implementation of standardized waste segregation protocols, safe disposal mechanisms, and strict regulatory enforcement. Strengthening institutional capacity through comprehensive training programs and raising awareness among healthcare workers is essential to improving medical waste management in Ethiopian healthcare facilities.https://doi.org/10.1007/s44250-025-00261-3Biomedical wasteKAP studyOccupational healthWaste disposal strategiesWaste segregation |
| spellingShingle | Abaineh Kefale Gashaw Sekhar Pitta Leta Diro Jifera Assessment of medical waste generation, disposal practices and health implications at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, West Guji, Ethiopia Discover Health Systems Biomedical waste KAP study Occupational health Waste disposal strategies Waste segregation |
| title | Assessment of medical waste generation, disposal practices and health implications at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, West Guji, Ethiopia |
| title_full | Assessment of medical waste generation, disposal practices and health implications at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, West Guji, Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of medical waste generation, disposal practices and health implications at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, West Guji, Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of medical waste generation, disposal practices and health implications at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, West Guji, Ethiopia |
| title_short | Assessment of medical waste generation, disposal practices and health implications at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, West Guji, Ethiopia |
| title_sort | assessment of medical waste generation disposal practices and health implications at bule hora university teaching hospital west guji ethiopia |
| topic | Biomedical waste KAP study Occupational health Waste disposal strategies Waste segregation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s44250-025-00261-3 |
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