Neurological Soft Signs in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Standardised Assessment and Comparison with Schizophrenia

While several studies have detected raised levels of neurological soft signs in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), the specificity of these abnormalities remains uncertain. This study used a new standardised measure, the Cambridge Neurological Inventory (CNI), to assess soft signs in...

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Main Authors: D. Bolton, W. Gibb, A. Lees, P. Raven, J. A. Gray, E. Chen, R. Shafran
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 1999-01-01
Series:Behavioural Neurology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1999/639045
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author D. Bolton
W. Gibb
A. Lees
P. Raven
J. A. Gray
E. Chen
R. Shafran
author_facet D. Bolton
W. Gibb
A. Lees
P. Raven
J. A. Gray
E. Chen
R. Shafran
author_sort D. Bolton
collection DOAJ
description While several studies have detected raised levels of neurological soft signs in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), the specificity of these abnormalities remains uncertain. This study used a new standardised measure, the Cambridge Neurological Inventory (CNI), to assess soft signs in 51 subjects with OCD. Comparison was made with data on patients with schizophrenia and a non-clinical control group from a previously reported study. Individuals with OCD showed raised levels of soft signs compared with non-clinical controls in many categories of the CNI: Motor Coordination, Sensory Integration, Primitive Reflexes, Extrapyramidal Signs, and Failure of Suppression. Compared with patients with schizophrenia, the OCD group had lower levels of neurological signs in some CNI categories: Hard Signs, Motor Co-ordination, Tardive Dyskinesia, Catatonic Signs, and Extrapyramidal Signs. However, levels of soft signs in the OCD group did not significantly differ from those in the schizophrenia group in other CNI categories: Sensory Integration, Primitive Reflexes and Failure of Suppression. The significance of these patterns of findings is discussed.
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spelling doaj-art-461f3c99822d4ffe88b049271ee4f32e2025-08-20T03:36:14ZengWileyBehavioural Neurology0953-41801875-85841999-01-0111419720410.1155/1999/639045Neurological Soft Signs in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Standardised Assessment and Comparison with SchizophreniaD. Bolton0W. Gibb1A. Lees2P. Raven3J. A. Gray4E. Chen5R. Shafran6Psychology Department, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UKWessex Neurological Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UKNational Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UKDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, London, UKPsychology Department, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UKDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong KongDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UKWhile several studies have detected raised levels of neurological soft signs in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), the specificity of these abnormalities remains uncertain. This study used a new standardised measure, the Cambridge Neurological Inventory (CNI), to assess soft signs in 51 subjects with OCD. Comparison was made with data on patients with schizophrenia and a non-clinical control group from a previously reported study. Individuals with OCD showed raised levels of soft signs compared with non-clinical controls in many categories of the CNI: Motor Coordination, Sensory Integration, Primitive Reflexes, Extrapyramidal Signs, and Failure of Suppression. Compared with patients with schizophrenia, the OCD group had lower levels of neurological signs in some CNI categories: Hard Signs, Motor Co-ordination, Tardive Dyskinesia, Catatonic Signs, and Extrapyramidal Signs. However, levels of soft signs in the OCD group did not significantly differ from those in the schizophrenia group in other CNI categories: Sensory Integration, Primitive Reflexes and Failure of Suppression. The significance of these patterns of findings is discussed.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1999/639045
spellingShingle D. Bolton
W. Gibb
A. Lees
P. Raven
J. A. Gray
E. Chen
R. Shafran
Neurological Soft Signs in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Standardised Assessment and Comparison with Schizophrenia
Behavioural Neurology
title Neurological Soft Signs in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Standardised Assessment and Comparison with Schizophrenia
title_full Neurological Soft Signs in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Standardised Assessment and Comparison with Schizophrenia
title_fullStr Neurological Soft Signs in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Standardised Assessment and Comparison with Schizophrenia
title_full_unstemmed Neurological Soft Signs in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Standardised Assessment and Comparison with Schizophrenia
title_short Neurological Soft Signs in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Standardised Assessment and Comparison with Schizophrenia
title_sort neurological soft signs in obsessive compulsive disorder standardised assessment and comparison with schizophrenia
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1999/639045
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