Advancing Dermatomycosis Diagnosis: Evaluating a Microarray-Based Platform for Rapid and Accurate Fungal Detection—A Pilot Study

Dermatomycosis, including the most prevalent onychomycosis, significantly impacts patients’ quality of life due to its chronic nature and high recurrence rate. Conventional diagnostic methods are often limited by low sensitivity and specificity and prolonged turnaround times. This study evaluates th...

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Main Authors: Vittorio Ivagnes, Elena De Carolis, Carlotta Magrì, Riccardo Torelli, Brunella Posteraro, Maurizio Sanguinetti
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Journal of Fungi
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/3/234
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author Vittorio Ivagnes
Elena De Carolis
Carlotta Magrì
Riccardo Torelli
Brunella Posteraro
Maurizio Sanguinetti
author_facet Vittorio Ivagnes
Elena De Carolis
Carlotta Magrì
Riccardo Torelli
Brunella Posteraro
Maurizio Sanguinetti
author_sort Vittorio Ivagnes
collection DOAJ
description Dermatomycosis, including the most prevalent onychomycosis, significantly impacts patients’ quality of life due to its chronic nature and high recurrence rate. Conventional diagnostic methods are often limited by low sensitivity and specificity and prolonged turnaround times. This study evaluates the EUROArray Dermatomycosis Platform, a microarray-based molecular assay, for its performance in identifying fungi causing dermatomycosis. Forty reference fungal strains, covering on-panel and off-panel species, and 120 clinical samples from patients with suspected dermatomycosis were analyzed. The platform’s accuracy was compared to microscopy and/or culture as the diagnostic standard. The assay demonstrated 100% analytical sensitivity and 97.1% analytical specificity, correctly identifying 33 of 34 fungal species while misclassifying one. In clinical samples, the assay showed good sensitivity (78.6%) and high specificity (91.7%), detecting additional positive cases missed by culture, which highlights the assay’s ability to identify non-viable fungi and low fungal loads. The assay achieved a positive predictive value of 75.9% and a negative predictive value of 92.8%, reinforcing its diagnostic reliability. Despite some discordances, the assay provides rapid results and broad-spectrum fungal detection, positioning it as a valuable complement to conventional diagnostics. Future improvements, including expanding the identification panel and optimizing sample handling, could further enhance its clinical utility.
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spelling doaj-art-460cddc8caed4e568a037c9ba7a75bd22025-08-20T01:48:41ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2025-03-0111323410.3390/jof11030234Advancing Dermatomycosis Diagnosis: Evaluating a Microarray-Based Platform for Rapid and Accurate Fungal Detection—A Pilot StudyVittorio Ivagnes0Elena De Carolis1Carlotta Magrì2Riccardo Torelli3Brunella Posteraro4Maurizio Sanguinetti5Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyDermatomycosis, including the most prevalent onychomycosis, significantly impacts patients’ quality of life due to its chronic nature and high recurrence rate. Conventional diagnostic methods are often limited by low sensitivity and specificity and prolonged turnaround times. This study evaluates the EUROArray Dermatomycosis Platform, a microarray-based molecular assay, for its performance in identifying fungi causing dermatomycosis. Forty reference fungal strains, covering on-panel and off-panel species, and 120 clinical samples from patients with suspected dermatomycosis were analyzed. The platform’s accuracy was compared to microscopy and/or culture as the diagnostic standard. The assay demonstrated 100% analytical sensitivity and 97.1% analytical specificity, correctly identifying 33 of 34 fungal species while misclassifying one. In clinical samples, the assay showed good sensitivity (78.6%) and high specificity (91.7%), detecting additional positive cases missed by culture, which highlights the assay’s ability to identify non-viable fungi and low fungal loads. The assay achieved a positive predictive value of 75.9% and a negative predictive value of 92.8%, reinforcing its diagnostic reliability. Despite some discordances, the assay provides rapid results and broad-spectrum fungal detection, positioning it as a valuable complement to conventional diagnostics. Future improvements, including expanding the identification panel and optimizing sample handling, could further enhance its clinical utility.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/3/234onychomycosisdermatomycosisEUROArray Dermatomycosisfungal diagnosticsmolecular diagnosticsmicroarray technology
spellingShingle Vittorio Ivagnes
Elena De Carolis
Carlotta Magrì
Riccardo Torelli
Brunella Posteraro
Maurizio Sanguinetti
Advancing Dermatomycosis Diagnosis: Evaluating a Microarray-Based Platform for Rapid and Accurate Fungal Detection—A Pilot Study
Journal of Fungi
onychomycosis
dermatomycosis
EUROArray Dermatomycosis
fungal diagnostics
molecular diagnostics
microarray technology
title Advancing Dermatomycosis Diagnosis: Evaluating a Microarray-Based Platform for Rapid and Accurate Fungal Detection—A Pilot Study
title_full Advancing Dermatomycosis Diagnosis: Evaluating a Microarray-Based Platform for Rapid and Accurate Fungal Detection—A Pilot Study
title_fullStr Advancing Dermatomycosis Diagnosis: Evaluating a Microarray-Based Platform for Rapid and Accurate Fungal Detection—A Pilot Study
title_full_unstemmed Advancing Dermatomycosis Diagnosis: Evaluating a Microarray-Based Platform for Rapid and Accurate Fungal Detection—A Pilot Study
title_short Advancing Dermatomycosis Diagnosis: Evaluating a Microarray-Based Platform for Rapid and Accurate Fungal Detection—A Pilot Study
title_sort advancing dermatomycosis diagnosis evaluating a microarray based platform for rapid and accurate fungal detection a pilot study
topic onychomycosis
dermatomycosis
EUROArray Dermatomycosis
fungal diagnostics
molecular diagnostics
microarray technology
url https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/3/234
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