Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption
Abstract This study evaluates mesoporous-hydrochar derived from Acacia falcata leaves via a single-step hydrothermal treatment for Cr(VI) adsorption. Material characterization indicated that the adsorbent has a rough and porous structure. FTIR analysis confirmed Cr(VI) adsorption through functional...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96439-z |
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| author | Rajesh Juturu Ramesh Vinayagam Gokulakrishnan Murugesan Raja Selvaraj |
| author_facet | Rajesh Juturu Ramesh Vinayagam Gokulakrishnan Murugesan Raja Selvaraj |
| author_sort | Rajesh Juturu |
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| description | Abstract This study evaluates mesoporous-hydrochar derived from Acacia falcata leaves via a single-step hydrothermal treatment for Cr(VI) adsorption. Material characterization indicated that the adsorbent has a rough and porous structure. FTIR analysis confirmed Cr(VI) adsorption through functional group interactions, evidenced by peak intensity changes and the emergence of a Cr–O bond vibration at 669 cm-1. Two new peaks were observed in XPS spectra, corresponding to Cr 2p at 577.04 eV (Cr 2p3/2) and 586.67 eV (Cr 2p1/2) after adsorption, further substantiating the adsorption and Cr(VI) reduction. Batch experiments showed an improved adsorption capacity of 30.47 mg/g. Kinetic investigation adhered to the pseudo-second-order model, whereas the equilibrium dataset satisfied the Freundlich model, indicating a heterogeneous adsorption mechanism involving physisorption and chemisorption. The thermodynamic evaluation confirmed spontaneous and endothermic adsorption. Regeneration studies showed reduced Cr(VI) removal performance after four cycles, attributed to pore blockage and loss of functional groups while maintaining effective reuse potential. Spiked studies in various water matrices showed a slight decrease in Cr(VI) removal efficiency, yet it maintained over 95% efficiency, demonstrating its potential for real-world water treatment applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-45e8a07b6f9044899334eaa55147d93d |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj-art-45e8a07b6f9044899334eaa55147d93d2025-08-20T02:17:05ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111410.1038/s41598-025-96439-zMesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorptionRajesh Juturu0Ramesh Vinayagam1Gokulakrishnan Murugesan2Raja Selvaraj3Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationDepartment of Biotechnology, M.S. Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationAbstract This study evaluates mesoporous-hydrochar derived from Acacia falcata leaves via a single-step hydrothermal treatment for Cr(VI) adsorption. Material characterization indicated that the adsorbent has a rough and porous structure. FTIR analysis confirmed Cr(VI) adsorption through functional group interactions, evidenced by peak intensity changes and the emergence of a Cr–O bond vibration at 669 cm-1. Two new peaks were observed in XPS spectra, corresponding to Cr 2p at 577.04 eV (Cr 2p3/2) and 586.67 eV (Cr 2p1/2) after adsorption, further substantiating the adsorption and Cr(VI) reduction. Batch experiments showed an improved adsorption capacity of 30.47 mg/g. Kinetic investigation adhered to the pseudo-second-order model, whereas the equilibrium dataset satisfied the Freundlich model, indicating a heterogeneous adsorption mechanism involving physisorption and chemisorption. The thermodynamic evaluation confirmed spontaneous and endothermic adsorption. Regeneration studies showed reduced Cr(VI) removal performance after four cycles, attributed to pore blockage and loss of functional groups while maintaining effective reuse potential. Spiked studies in various water matrices showed a slight decrease in Cr(VI) removal efficiency, yet it maintained over 95% efficiency, demonstrating its potential for real-world water treatment applications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96439-zAdsorptionHexavalent chromiumHydrocharRegeneration studiesSpiking studies |
| spellingShingle | Rajesh Juturu Ramesh Vinayagam Gokulakrishnan Murugesan Raja Selvaraj Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption Scientific Reports Adsorption Hexavalent chromium Hydrochar Regeneration studies Spiking studies |
| title | Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption |
| title_full | Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption |
| title_fullStr | Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption |
| title_short | Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption |
| title_sort | mesoporous hydrochar from acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption |
| topic | Adsorption Hexavalent chromium Hydrochar Regeneration studies Spiking studies |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96439-z |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rajeshjuturu mesoporoushydrocharfromacaciafalcataleavesbyhydrothermalprocessforhexavalentchromiumadsorption AT rameshvinayagam mesoporoushydrocharfromacaciafalcataleavesbyhydrothermalprocessforhexavalentchromiumadsorption AT gokulakrishnanmurugesan mesoporoushydrocharfromacaciafalcataleavesbyhydrothermalprocessforhexavalentchromiumadsorption AT rajaselvaraj mesoporoushydrocharfromacaciafalcataleavesbyhydrothermalprocessforhexavalentchromiumadsorption |