Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption

Abstract This study evaluates mesoporous-hydrochar derived from Acacia falcata leaves via a single-step hydrothermal treatment for Cr(VI) adsorption. Material characterization indicated that the adsorbent has a rough and porous structure. FTIR analysis confirmed Cr(VI) adsorption through functional...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Rajesh Juturu, Ramesh Vinayagam, Gokulakrishnan Murugesan, Raja Selvaraj
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96439-z
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850184320895942656
author Rajesh Juturu
Ramesh Vinayagam
Gokulakrishnan Murugesan
Raja Selvaraj
author_facet Rajesh Juturu
Ramesh Vinayagam
Gokulakrishnan Murugesan
Raja Selvaraj
author_sort Rajesh Juturu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract This study evaluates mesoporous-hydrochar derived from Acacia falcata leaves via a single-step hydrothermal treatment for Cr(VI) adsorption. Material characterization indicated that the adsorbent has a rough and porous structure. FTIR analysis confirmed Cr(VI) adsorption through functional group interactions, evidenced by peak intensity changes and the emergence of a Cr–O bond vibration at 669 cm-1. Two new peaks were observed in XPS spectra, corresponding to Cr 2p at 577.04 eV (Cr 2p3/2) and 586.67 eV (Cr 2p1/2) after adsorption, further substantiating the adsorption and Cr(VI) reduction. Batch experiments showed an improved adsorption capacity of 30.47 mg/g. Kinetic investigation adhered to the pseudo-second-order model, whereas the equilibrium dataset satisfied the Freundlich model, indicating a heterogeneous adsorption mechanism involving physisorption and chemisorption. The thermodynamic evaluation confirmed spontaneous and endothermic adsorption. Regeneration studies showed reduced Cr(VI) removal performance after four cycles, attributed to pore blockage and loss of functional groups while maintaining effective reuse potential. Spiked studies in various water matrices showed a slight decrease in Cr(VI) removal efficiency, yet it maintained over 95% efficiency, demonstrating its potential for real-world water treatment applications.
format Article
id doaj-art-45e8a07b6f9044899334eaa55147d93d
institution OA Journals
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-45e8a07b6f9044899334eaa55147d93d2025-08-20T02:17:05ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111410.1038/s41598-025-96439-zMesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorptionRajesh Juturu0Ramesh Vinayagam1Gokulakrishnan Murugesan2Raja Selvaraj3Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationDepartment of Biotechnology, M.S. Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationAbstract This study evaluates mesoporous-hydrochar derived from Acacia falcata leaves via a single-step hydrothermal treatment for Cr(VI) adsorption. Material characterization indicated that the adsorbent has a rough and porous structure. FTIR analysis confirmed Cr(VI) adsorption through functional group interactions, evidenced by peak intensity changes and the emergence of a Cr–O bond vibration at 669 cm-1. Two new peaks were observed in XPS spectra, corresponding to Cr 2p at 577.04 eV (Cr 2p3/2) and 586.67 eV (Cr 2p1/2) after adsorption, further substantiating the adsorption and Cr(VI) reduction. Batch experiments showed an improved adsorption capacity of 30.47 mg/g. Kinetic investigation adhered to the pseudo-second-order model, whereas the equilibrium dataset satisfied the Freundlich model, indicating a heterogeneous adsorption mechanism involving physisorption and chemisorption. The thermodynamic evaluation confirmed spontaneous and endothermic adsorption. Regeneration studies showed reduced Cr(VI) removal performance after four cycles, attributed to pore blockage and loss of functional groups while maintaining effective reuse potential. Spiked studies in various water matrices showed a slight decrease in Cr(VI) removal efficiency, yet it maintained over 95% efficiency, demonstrating its potential for real-world water treatment applications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96439-zAdsorptionHexavalent chromiumHydrocharRegeneration studiesSpiking studies
spellingShingle Rajesh Juturu
Ramesh Vinayagam
Gokulakrishnan Murugesan
Raja Selvaraj
Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption
Scientific Reports
Adsorption
Hexavalent chromium
Hydrochar
Regeneration studies
Spiking studies
title Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption
title_full Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption
title_fullStr Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption
title_full_unstemmed Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption
title_short Mesoporous hydrochar from Acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption
title_sort mesoporous hydrochar from acacia falcata leaves by hydrothermal process for hexavalent chromium adsorption
topic Adsorption
Hexavalent chromium
Hydrochar
Regeneration studies
Spiking studies
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96439-z
work_keys_str_mv AT rajeshjuturu mesoporoushydrocharfromacaciafalcataleavesbyhydrothermalprocessforhexavalentchromiumadsorption
AT rameshvinayagam mesoporoushydrocharfromacaciafalcataleavesbyhydrothermalprocessforhexavalentchromiumadsorption
AT gokulakrishnanmurugesan mesoporoushydrocharfromacaciafalcataleavesbyhydrothermalprocessforhexavalentchromiumadsorption
AT rajaselvaraj mesoporoushydrocharfromacaciafalcataleavesbyhydrothermalprocessforhexavalentchromiumadsorption