The Impact of Major and Minor Phytocannabinoids on the Maintenance and Function of INS-1 β-Cells Under High-Glucose and High-Lipid Conditions

Type 2 diabetes mellites (T2DM) is the most common form of diabetes and affects a significant portion of the population. Obesity-related increases in free fatty acids and glucose in the diet contribute to β-cell dysfunction and loss, ultimately leading to the onset of T2DM. The endocannabinoid syste...

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Main Authors: Esmaeel Ghasemi Gojani, Bo Wang, Dong-Ping Li, Olga Kovalchuk, Igor Kovalchuk
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Molecules
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/9/1991
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author Esmaeel Ghasemi Gojani
Bo Wang
Dong-Ping Li
Olga Kovalchuk
Igor Kovalchuk
author_facet Esmaeel Ghasemi Gojani
Bo Wang
Dong-Ping Li
Olga Kovalchuk
Igor Kovalchuk
author_sort Esmaeel Ghasemi Gojani
collection DOAJ
description Type 2 diabetes mellites (T2DM) is the most common form of diabetes and affects a significant portion of the population. Obesity-related increases in free fatty acids and glucose in the diet contribute to β-cell dysfunction and loss, ultimately leading to the onset of T2DM. The endocannabinoid system, which is present throughout the body, plays a vital role in regulating various physiological processes, including those in the pancreas. This system has been implicated in metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes, as it helps to regulate appetite, food intake, and fat production. Phytocannabinoids from <i>Cannabis sativa</i> have the potential to influence the endocannabinoid system, offering a promising therapeutic approach for diabetes and its complications. Using high-glucose–high-lipid (HGHL)-induced INS-1 β-cells, we investigated the protective effects of two major (THC and CBD) and three minor (THCV, CBC, and CBG) phytocannabinoids on high glucose–high lipid (HGHL)-induced apoptosis, cell cycle disruption, and impaired function of beta-cells. Our results showed that all five phytocannabinoids reduced HGHL-induced apoptosis, likely by decreasing TXNIP protein levels. Additionally, THC and all three minor phytocannabinoids provided protective effects against functional impairments caused by HGHL exposure.
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spelling doaj-art-45b27fc4e0a84ef6bfd2885091d58be12025-08-20T02:30:46ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-04-01309199110.3390/molecules30091991The Impact of Major and Minor Phytocannabinoids on the Maintenance and Function of INS-1 β-Cells Under High-Glucose and High-Lipid ConditionsEsmaeel Ghasemi Gojani0Bo Wang1Dong-Ping Li2Olga Kovalchuk3Igor Kovalchuk4Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, CanadaDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, CanadaDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, CanadaDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, CanadaDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, CanadaType 2 diabetes mellites (T2DM) is the most common form of diabetes and affects a significant portion of the population. Obesity-related increases in free fatty acids and glucose in the diet contribute to β-cell dysfunction and loss, ultimately leading to the onset of T2DM. The endocannabinoid system, which is present throughout the body, plays a vital role in regulating various physiological processes, including those in the pancreas. This system has been implicated in metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes, as it helps to regulate appetite, food intake, and fat production. Phytocannabinoids from <i>Cannabis sativa</i> have the potential to influence the endocannabinoid system, offering a promising therapeutic approach for diabetes and its complications. Using high-glucose–high-lipid (HGHL)-induced INS-1 β-cells, we investigated the protective effects of two major (THC and CBD) and three minor (THCV, CBC, and CBG) phytocannabinoids on high glucose–high lipid (HGHL)-induced apoptosis, cell cycle disruption, and impaired function of beta-cells. Our results showed that all five phytocannabinoids reduced HGHL-induced apoptosis, likely by decreasing TXNIP protein levels. Additionally, THC and all three minor phytocannabinoids provided protective effects against functional impairments caused by HGHL exposure.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/9/1991type 2 diabetesdelta-9-tertrahydrocannabinolcannabidioldelta-9-tetrahydrocannabivarincannabichromenecannabidiol
spellingShingle Esmaeel Ghasemi Gojani
Bo Wang
Dong-Ping Li
Olga Kovalchuk
Igor Kovalchuk
The Impact of Major and Minor Phytocannabinoids on the Maintenance and Function of INS-1 β-Cells Under High-Glucose and High-Lipid Conditions
Molecules
type 2 diabetes
delta-9-tertrahydrocannabinol
cannabidiol
delta-9-tetrahydrocannabivarin
cannabichromene
cannabidiol
title The Impact of Major and Minor Phytocannabinoids on the Maintenance and Function of INS-1 β-Cells Under High-Glucose and High-Lipid Conditions
title_full The Impact of Major and Minor Phytocannabinoids on the Maintenance and Function of INS-1 β-Cells Under High-Glucose and High-Lipid Conditions
title_fullStr The Impact of Major and Minor Phytocannabinoids on the Maintenance and Function of INS-1 β-Cells Under High-Glucose and High-Lipid Conditions
title_full_unstemmed The Impact of Major and Minor Phytocannabinoids on the Maintenance and Function of INS-1 β-Cells Under High-Glucose and High-Lipid Conditions
title_short The Impact of Major and Minor Phytocannabinoids on the Maintenance and Function of INS-1 β-Cells Under High-Glucose and High-Lipid Conditions
title_sort impact of major and minor phytocannabinoids on the maintenance and function of ins 1 β cells under high glucose and high lipid conditions
topic type 2 diabetes
delta-9-tertrahydrocannabinol
cannabidiol
delta-9-tetrahydrocannabivarin
cannabichromene
cannabidiol
url https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/9/1991
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