Void spot assay visualization optimization for use of Void Whizzard in rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Abstract Void spot assay (VSA) noninvasively evaluates urination. This study optimizes VSA by comparing post‐assay paper visualization techniques: bright field light (BF), ultraviolet light (UV), and ninhydrin spray (N). Male rats were placed in filter paper lined cages for 4 h. After the assay, all...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Physiological Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70358 |
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| author | Hannah Ruetten Jadyn Bothe Shannon Lankford Gopal Badlani James Koudy Williams |
| author_facet | Hannah Ruetten Jadyn Bothe Shannon Lankford Gopal Badlani James Koudy Williams |
| author_sort | Hannah Ruetten |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Void spot assay (VSA) noninvasively evaluates urination. This study optimizes VSA by comparing post‐assay paper visualization techniques: bright field light (BF), ultraviolet light (UV), and ninhydrin spray (N). Male rats were placed in filter paper lined cages for 4 h. After the assay, all papers were dried. BF images were photographed (digital camera). UV images were captured using a Darkroom ultraviolet imaging cabinet. Papers were sprayed with ninhydrin and photographed (digital camera). All images were converted to binary for analysis with Void Whizzard. UV versus BF significantly differed in area. All three groups significantly differed in overall spot count and spots 0–0.1 cm2. UV versus N and UV versus BF significantly differed in 0.1–0.25 cm2 spots, UV versus N in 0.25–0.5 cm2, and N versus BF in spots 0.5–1 cm2. Overall BF visualization proved difficult. N provided an ideal way to highlight urine and image with a digital camera. Human fingerprints from pre‐assay handling of paper interfered with the analysis of the smallest sized spots; however, there were no differences in the detection of larger spots, spot distribution, or overall spot area. This study contributes to the development of a standardized VSA protocol for assessing bladder function in rodent models. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-459e289c462b4bf9bb1e9b3e73d90657 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2051-817X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physiological Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-459e289c462b4bf9bb1e9b3e73d906572025-08-20T02:30:32ZengWileyPhysiological Reports2051-817X2025-05-01139n/an/a10.14814/phy2.70358Void spot assay visualization optimization for use of Void Whizzard in rats (Rattus norvegicus)Hannah Ruetten0Jadyn Bothe1Shannon Lankford2Gopal Badlani3James Koudy Williams4Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Winston‐Salem North Carolina USAWake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Winston‐Salem North Carolina USAWake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Winston‐Salem North Carolina USADepartment of Urology Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Winston‐Salem Winston‐Salem North Carolina USAWake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Winston‐Salem North Carolina USAAbstract Void spot assay (VSA) noninvasively evaluates urination. This study optimizes VSA by comparing post‐assay paper visualization techniques: bright field light (BF), ultraviolet light (UV), and ninhydrin spray (N). Male rats were placed in filter paper lined cages for 4 h. After the assay, all papers were dried. BF images were photographed (digital camera). UV images were captured using a Darkroom ultraviolet imaging cabinet. Papers were sprayed with ninhydrin and photographed (digital camera). All images were converted to binary for analysis with Void Whizzard. UV versus BF significantly differed in area. All three groups significantly differed in overall spot count and spots 0–0.1 cm2. UV versus N and UV versus BF significantly differed in 0.1–0.25 cm2 spots, UV versus N in 0.25–0.5 cm2, and N versus BF in spots 0.5–1 cm2. Overall BF visualization proved difficult. N provided an ideal way to highlight urine and image with a digital camera. Human fingerprints from pre‐assay handling of paper interfered with the analysis of the smallest sized spots; however, there were no differences in the detection of larger spots, spot distribution, or overall spot area. This study contributes to the development of a standardized VSA protocol for assessing bladder function in rodent models.https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70358lower urinary tract dysfunctionmicturitionninhydrinurinary dysfunctionurine |
| spellingShingle | Hannah Ruetten Jadyn Bothe Shannon Lankford Gopal Badlani James Koudy Williams Void spot assay visualization optimization for use of Void Whizzard in rats (Rattus norvegicus) Physiological Reports lower urinary tract dysfunction micturition ninhydrin urinary dysfunction urine |
| title | Void spot assay visualization optimization for use of Void Whizzard in rats (Rattus norvegicus) |
| title_full | Void spot assay visualization optimization for use of Void Whizzard in rats (Rattus norvegicus) |
| title_fullStr | Void spot assay visualization optimization for use of Void Whizzard in rats (Rattus norvegicus) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Void spot assay visualization optimization for use of Void Whizzard in rats (Rattus norvegicus) |
| title_short | Void spot assay visualization optimization for use of Void Whizzard in rats (Rattus norvegicus) |
| title_sort | void spot assay visualization optimization for use of void whizzard in rats rattus norvegicus |
| topic | lower urinary tract dysfunction micturition ninhydrin urinary dysfunction urine |
| url | https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70358 |
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