Profile and content of fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) compounds in wheat and rye wholegrain foods

This study aimed to provide insight into the content and profile of fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) found in various types of wheat and rye wholegrain products available on the market. As dietary fiber is recommended to be consumed at a minimum of 25 g per day for...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Aleksandra M. Torbica, Uroš Miljić, Olja Todorić, Miona Belović, Tamara Erceg, Milorad Miljić, Miloš Radosavljević
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666893925001112
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849335664298950656
author Aleksandra M. Torbica
Uroš Miljić
Olja Todorić
Miona Belović
Tamara Erceg
Milorad Miljić
Miloš Radosavljević
author_facet Aleksandra M. Torbica
Uroš Miljić
Olja Todorić
Miona Belović
Tamara Erceg
Milorad Miljić
Miloš Radosavljević
author_sort Aleksandra M. Torbica
collection DOAJ
description This study aimed to provide insight into the content and profile of fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) found in various types of wheat and rye wholegrain products available on the market. As dietary fiber is recommended to be consumed at a minimum of 25 g per day for its beneficial health effects, wholegrain products are an important and affordable source of this staple nutrient. However, FODMAPs can have contrasting effects on the metabolism of healthy individuals and those suffering from gastrointestinal disorders, particularly irritable bowel syndrome. This has increased the multidisciplinary research into FODMAPs over the last two decades.In 92 samples of cereal-based foods, the total fructan content was measured using a commercially enzymatic kit. The exsess of fructose, melibiose, fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and sugar polyols were determined using HPAEC-PAD method.All the analyzed pasta samples, and 88.24 % of the bread samples can be characterized as high-FODMAP products, while cookies (26.67 %) and crackers (0.00 %) were predominantly low-FODMAP products. Observing the results of all analyzed samples it can be concluded that the variations of FODMAPs content could be due to grain type, variety, climate conditions, agricultural measures, grain processing techniques (mostly milling), and type of obtained flour, as well as type of fermentation and thermal processing in the food production (shaped by the dietary habits of different cultures and regions). It was also concluded that the content of total fructo-oligosaccharides instead of total fructans should be used for the definition of the FOS content. Furthermore, the GOS content was shown to contribute significantly to the total FODMAP content.
format Article
id doaj-art-4522a08ebe4f4d7180d80d414b2e602f
institution Kabale University
issn 2666-8939
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications
spelling doaj-art-4522a08ebe4f4d7180d80d414b2e602f2025-08-20T03:45:11ZengElsevierCarbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications2666-89392025-06-011010077210.1016/j.carpta.2025.100772Profile and content of fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) compounds in wheat and rye wholegrain foodsAleksandra M. Torbica0Uroš Miljić1Olja Todorić2Miona Belović3Tamara Erceg4Milorad Miljić5Miloš Radosavljević6University of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21102, Novi Sad, Serbia; Corresponding author.University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21102, Novi Sad, SerbiaUniversity of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21102, Novi Sad, SerbiaUniversity of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21102, Novi Sad, SerbiaUniversity of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21102, Novi Sad, SerbiaUniversity of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21102, Novi Sad, SerbiaUniversity of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21102, Novi Sad, SerbiaThis study aimed to provide insight into the content and profile of fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) found in various types of wheat and rye wholegrain products available on the market. As dietary fiber is recommended to be consumed at a minimum of 25 g per day for its beneficial health effects, wholegrain products are an important and affordable source of this staple nutrient. However, FODMAPs can have contrasting effects on the metabolism of healthy individuals and those suffering from gastrointestinal disorders, particularly irritable bowel syndrome. This has increased the multidisciplinary research into FODMAPs over the last two decades.In 92 samples of cereal-based foods, the total fructan content was measured using a commercially enzymatic kit. The exsess of fructose, melibiose, fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and sugar polyols were determined using HPAEC-PAD method.All the analyzed pasta samples, and 88.24 % of the bread samples can be characterized as high-FODMAP products, while cookies (26.67 %) and crackers (0.00 %) were predominantly low-FODMAP products. Observing the results of all analyzed samples it can be concluded that the variations of FODMAPs content could be due to grain type, variety, climate conditions, agricultural measures, grain processing techniques (mostly milling), and type of obtained flour, as well as type of fermentation and thermal processing in the food production (shaped by the dietary habits of different cultures and regions). It was also concluded that the content of total fructo-oligosaccharides instead of total fructans should be used for the definition of the FOS content. Furthermore, the GOS content was shown to contribute significantly to the total FODMAP content.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666893925001112Wholegrain flourRefined flourFODMAPBakery productsCookiesPasta
spellingShingle Aleksandra M. Torbica
Uroš Miljić
Olja Todorić
Miona Belović
Tamara Erceg
Milorad Miljić
Miloš Radosavljević
Profile and content of fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) compounds in wheat and rye wholegrain foods
Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications
Wholegrain flour
Refined flour
FODMAP
Bakery products
Cookies
Pasta
title Profile and content of fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) compounds in wheat and rye wholegrain foods
title_full Profile and content of fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) compounds in wheat and rye wholegrain foods
title_fullStr Profile and content of fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) compounds in wheat and rye wholegrain foods
title_full_unstemmed Profile and content of fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) compounds in wheat and rye wholegrain foods
title_short Profile and content of fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) compounds in wheat and rye wholegrain foods
title_sort profile and content of fermentable oligo di monosaccharides and polyols fodmap compounds in wheat and rye wholegrain foods
topic Wholegrain flour
Refined flour
FODMAP
Bakery products
Cookies
Pasta
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666893925001112
work_keys_str_mv AT aleksandramtorbica profileandcontentoffermentableoligodimonosaccharidesandpolyolsfodmapcompoundsinwheatandryewholegrainfoods
AT urosmiljic profileandcontentoffermentableoligodimonosaccharidesandpolyolsfodmapcompoundsinwheatandryewholegrainfoods
AT oljatodoric profileandcontentoffermentableoligodimonosaccharidesandpolyolsfodmapcompoundsinwheatandryewholegrainfoods
AT mionabelovic profileandcontentoffermentableoligodimonosaccharidesandpolyolsfodmapcompoundsinwheatandryewholegrainfoods
AT tamaraerceg profileandcontentoffermentableoligodimonosaccharidesandpolyolsfodmapcompoundsinwheatandryewholegrainfoods
AT miloradmiljic profileandcontentoffermentableoligodimonosaccharidesandpolyolsfodmapcompoundsinwheatandryewholegrainfoods
AT milosradosavljevic profileandcontentoffermentableoligodimonosaccharidesandpolyolsfodmapcompoundsinwheatandryewholegrainfoods