Effects of deoxynivalenol contaminated corn distiller's dried grains with solubles on growth performance, body composition, immunological response, and gastrointestinal health in young pullets
Mycotoxins, particularly deoxynivalenol (DON), are common contaminants in feed ingredients such as corn distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and pose significant risks to poultry health. This study investigated the effects of feeding naturally DON contaminated DDGS on growth performanc...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Poultry Science |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579124011891 |
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| author | Deependra Paneru Milan K. Sharma Hanyi Shi Doyun Goo Venkata S.R. Choppa Ishwari Gyawali Revathi Shanmugasundaram Woo K. Kim |
| author_facet | Deependra Paneru Milan K. Sharma Hanyi Shi Doyun Goo Venkata S.R. Choppa Ishwari Gyawali Revathi Shanmugasundaram Woo K. Kim |
| author_sort | Deependra Paneru |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mycotoxins, particularly deoxynivalenol (DON), are common contaminants in feed ingredients such as corn distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and pose significant risks to poultry health. This study investigated the effects of feeding naturally DON contaminated DDGS on growth performance, body composition, immunological response, and gastrointestinal health in young pullets. A total of 360, 4-week-old Hy-Line W36 pullets were randomly assigned to diets with increasing levels of naturally DON contaminated DDGS (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) over 28 days, resulting in dietary DON concentrations ranging from below the limit of quantification to 15.4 ppm. Diets with DON concentration exceeding 8.9 ppm, corresponding to 15% and 20% DDGS inclusion, resulted in significantly lower body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI) from experimental day 14 to day 28 compared to DON concentration below 5.9 ppm (0, 5 and 10% DDGS groups; P = 0.024 and P = 0.007, respectively). Body composition analysis showed a higher tissue fat percentage in the 20% DDGS group (15.4 ppm DON) by day 28 compared to lower inclusion levels (P = 0.021). Immunologically, a significant increase in the CD4+:CD8+ ratio in spleen was observed in the 20% DDGS group compared to the 0% DDGS group (P = 0.013), whereas both 15 and 20% DDGS inclusion levels significantly increased the ratio in cecal tonsil (P < 0.001). Additionally, interleukin 1β (IL-1β) expression significantly increased in the cecal tonsil by day 28 with 15 and 20% DDGS inclusions (P = 0.002). Gut health was compromised as gut permeability increased linearly with increasing DDGS inclusion (linear, P = 0.043), aligning with significant alterations in the expression of the tight junction protein occludin (OCLN; P = 0.007). Antioxidant responses in the liver showed increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in early exposure (day 13, P = 0.038), followed by decreased SOD activity (P = 0.001) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels (P < 0.001) by day 28. In conclusion, feeding DON-contaminated DDGS at higher inclusion levels (15% and 20%) with final diet DON concentrations exceeding 8.9 ppm over 28 days adversely affects growth performance, immune function, and gut integrity in young pullets. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-45149f034d0b47d59a5ee54d985befa6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0032-5791 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| spelling | doaj-art-45149f034d0b47d59a5ee54d985befa62025-01-22T05:40:42ZengElsevierPoultry Science0032-57912025-01-011041104611Effects of deoxynivalenol contaminated corn distiller's dried grains with solubles on growth performance, body composition, immunological response, and gastrointestinal health in young pulletsDeependra Paneru0Milan K. Sharma1Hanyi Shi2Doyun Goo3Venkata S.R. Choppa4Ishwari Gyawali5Revathi Shanmugasundaram6Woo K. Kim7Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 United StatesDepartment of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 United StatesDepartment of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 United StatesDepartment of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 United StatesDepartment of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 United StatesDepartment of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 United StatesU.S. Department of Agriculture, Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, Athens, GA 30605 United StatesDepartment of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 United States; Corresponding author at: 408 Poultry Science Building, 120 D. W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602 United States.Mycotoxins, particularly deoxynivalenol (DON), are common contaminants in feed ingredients such as corn distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and pose significant risks to poultry health. This study investigated the effects of feeding naturally DON contaminated DDGS on growth performance, body composition, immunological response, and gastrointestinal health in young pullets. A total of 360, 4-week-old Hy-Line W36 pullets were randomly assigned to diets with increasing levels of naturally DON contaminated DDGS (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) over 28 days, resulting in dietary DON concentrations ranging from below the limit of quantification to 15.4 ppm. Diets with DON concentration exceeding 8.9 ppm, corresponding to 15% and 20% DDGS inclusion, resulted in significantly lower body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI) from experimental day 14 to day 28 compared to DON concentration below 5.9 ppm (0, 5 and 10% DDGS groups; P = 0.024 and P = 0.007, respectively). Body composition analysis showed a higher tissue fat percentage in the 20% DDGS group (15.4 ppm DON) by day 28 compared to lower inclusion levels (P = 0.021). Immunologically, a significant increase in the CD4+:CD8+ ratio in spleen was observed in the 20% DDGS group compared to the 0% DDGS group (P = 0.013), whereas both 15 and 20% DDGS inclusion levels significantly increased the ratio in cecal tonsil (P < 0.001). Additionally, interleukin 1β (IL-1β) expression significantly increased in the cecal tonsil by day 28 with 15 and 20% DDGS inclusions (P = 0.002). Gut health was compromised as gut permeability increased linearly with increasing DDGS inclusion (linear, P = 0.043), aligning with significant alterations in the expression of the tight junction protein occludin (OCLN; P = 0.007). Antioxidant responses in the liver showed increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in early exposure (day 13, P = 0.038), followed by decreased SOD activity (P = 0.001) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels (P < 0.001) by day 28. In conclusion, feeding DON-contaminated DDGS at higher inclusion levels (15% and 20%) with final diet DON concentrations exceeding 8.9 ppm over 28 days adversely affects growth performance, immune function, and gut integrity in young pullets.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579124011891PulletsDeoxynivalenolGrowth performanceGastrointestinal healthImmune response |
| spellingShingle | Deependra Paneru Milan K. Sharma Hanyi Shi Doyun Goo Venkata S.R. Choppa Ishwari Gyawali Revathi Shanmugasundaram Woo K. Kim Effects of deoxynivalenol contaminated corn distiller's dried grains with solubles on growth performance, body composition, immunological response, and gastrointestinal health in young pullets Poultry Science Pullets Deoxynivalenol Growth performance Gastrointestinal health Immune response |
| title | Effects of deoxynivalenol contaminated corn distiller's dried grains with solubles on growth performance, body composition, immunological response, and gastrointestinal health in young pullets |
| title_full | Effects of deoxynivalenol contaminated corn distiller's dried grains with solubles on growth performance, body composition, immunological response, and gastrointestinal health in young pullets |
| title_fullStr | Effects of deoxynivalenol contaminated corn distiller's dried grains with solubles on growth performance, body composition, immunological response, and gastrointestinal health in young pullets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of deoxynivalenol contaminated corn distiller's dried grains with solubles on growth performance, body composition, immunological response, and gastrointestinal health in young pullets |
| title_short | Effects of deoxynivalenol contaminated corn distiller's dried grains with solubles on growth performance, body composition, immunological response, and gastrointestinal health in young pullets |
| title_sort | effects of deoxynivalenol contaminated corn distiller s dried grains with solubles on growth performance body composition immunological response and gastrointestinal health in young pullets |
| topic | Pullets Deoxynivalenol Growth performance Gastrointestinal health Immune response |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579124011891 |
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