Curcumin Microcapsule Formulations for Prolong Persistence in the Photodynamic Inactivation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> Larvae
<b>Background:</b> Viral diseases including dengue, zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever remain a significant public health challenge, primarily due to the increasing resistance of these vectors, the <i>Aedes aegypti</i> mosquito, to conventional control methods. <b>Obje...
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2025-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/4/496 |
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| author | Matheus Garbuio Larissa Marila de Souza Lucas Danilo Dias Jean Carlos Ferreira Machado Natalia Mayumi Inada Hernane da Silva Barud Edgar Aparecido Sanches Francisco Eduardo Gontijo Guimarães Ana Paula da Silva Alessandra Ramos Lima Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato |
| author_facet | Matheus Garbuio Larissa Marila de Souza Lucas Danilo Dias Jean Carlos Ferreira Machado Natalia Mayumi Inada Hernane da Silva Barud Edgar Aparecido Sanches Francisco Eduardo Gontijo Guimarães Ana Paula da Silva Alessandra Ramos Lima Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato |
| author_sort | Matheus Garbuio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> Viral diseases including dengue, zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever remain a significant public health challenge, primarily due to the increasing resistance of these vectors, the <i>Aedes aegypti</i> mosquito, to conventional control methods. <b>Objectives:</b> Herein, a microencapsulated curcumin formulation was developed and characterized using spray-drying technology, with D-mannitol and starch as encapsulating agents. After microencapsulation, photolarvicidal tablet formulations (Formulated Curcumin Tablets—FCT) were prepared, varying the proportions of starch and pectin: FCT1 (60% starch), FCT2 (35% pectin and 25% starch), and FCT3 (42.5% pectin and 17.5% starch), while maintaining 10% curcumin and 30% D-mannitol in all formulations. The main goal was to enhance the stability and efficacy of curcumin as a photolarvicidal agent. <b>Methods:</b> The formulation was characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, confocal microscopy, thermal analysis (TG and DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and photodegradation assays under fluorescent light. <b>Results:</b> The photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of <i>Ae. aegypti</i> larvae was evaluated under white, fluorescent light exposure, and the formulation exhibited a significantly enhanced larvicidal activity compared to free curcumin, with a 57-fold reduction in LC<sub>50</sub> (LC<sub>50-24h</sub> = 0.27 mg/L). Additionally, the most effective formulation, FCT2, maintained its residual activity for 27 days, reinforcing that curcumin microencapsulation, combined with PDI, can extend vector control. Release studies under different pH conditions confirmed a controlled release mechanism, favoring environmental stability. <b>Conclusions:</b> The results indicate that microencapsulated curcumin has great potential as a sustainable photoinsecticidal agent, offering stability, efficacy, and a promising alternative for managing <i>Ae. aegypti</i> larval populations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4501e75bd4a54b99ae3a0c74e66f2d37 |
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| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-4501e75bd4a54b99ae3a0c74e66f2d372025-08-20T02:28:20ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232025-04-0117449610.3390/pharmaceutics17040496Curcumin Microcapsule Formulations for Prolong Persistence in the Photodynamic Inactivation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> LarvaeMatheus Garbuio0Larissa Marila de Souza1Lucas Danilo Dias2Jean Carlos Ferreira Machado3Natalia Mayumi Inada4Hernane da Silva Barud5Edgar Aparecido Sanches6Francisco Eduardo Gontijo Guimarães7Ana Paula da Silva8Alessandra Ramos Lima9Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato10São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, BrazilSão Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, BrazilLaboratório de Novos Materiais, Universidade Evangélica de Goiás (UniEvangélica), Anápolis 75083-515, GO, BrazilBiopolymers and Biomaterials Laboratory (BioPolMat), University of Araraquara—UNIARA, Araraquara 14801-320, SP, BrazilSão Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, BrazilBiopolymers and Biomaterials Laboratory (BioPolMat), University of Araraquara—UNIARA, Araraquara 14801-320, SP, BrazilLaboratory of Nanostructured Polymers (NANOPOL), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69080-005, AM, BrazilSão Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, BrazilSão Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, BrazilSão Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, BrazilSão Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil<b>Background:</b> Viral diseases including dengue, zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever remain a significant public health challenge, primarily due to the increasing resistance of these vectors, the <i>Aedes aegypti</i> mosquito, to conventional control methods. <b>Objectives:</b> Herein, a microencapsulated curcumin formulation was developed and characterized using spray-drying technology, with D-mannitol and starch as encapsulating agents. After microencapsulation, photolarvicidal tablet formulations (Formulated Curcumin Tablets—FCT) were prepared, varying the proportions of starch and pectin: FCT1 (60% starch), FCT2 (35% pectin and 25% starch), and FCT3 (42.5% pectin and 17.5% starch), while maintaining 10% curcumin and 30% D-mannitol in all formulations. The main goal was to enhance the stability and efficacy of curcumin as a photolarvicidal agent. <b>Methods:</b> The formulation was characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, confocal microscopy, thermal analysis (TG and DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and photodegradation assays under fluorescent light. <b>Results:</b> The photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of <i>Ae. aegypti</i> larvae was evaluated under white, fluorescent light exposure, and the formulation exhibited a significantly enhanced larvicidal activity compared to free curcumin, with a 57-fold reduction in LC<sub>50</sub> (LC<sub>50-24h</sub> = 0.27 mg/L). Additionally, the most effective formulation, FCT2, maintained its residual activity for 27 days, reinforcing that curcumin microencapsulation, combined with PDI, can extend vector control. Release studies under different pH conditions confirmed a controlled release mechanism, favoring environmental stability. <b>Conclusions:</b> The results indicate that microencapsulated curcumin has great potential as a sustainable photoinsecticidal agent, offering stability, efficacy, and a promising alternative for managing <i>Ae. aegypti</i> larval populations.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/4/496photodynamic inactivationcurcumin microencapsulationvector controlphotoinsecticidespray drying |
| spellingShingle | Matheus Garbuio Larissa Marila de Souza Lucas Danilo Dias Jean Carlos Ferreira Machado Natalia Mayumi Inada Hernane da Silva Barud Edgar Aparecido Sanches Francisco Eduardo Gontijo Guimarães Ana Paula da Silva Alessandra Ramos Lima Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato Curcumin Microcapsule Formulations for Prolong Persistence in the Photodynamic Inactivation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> Larvae Pharmaceutics photodynamic inactivation curcumin microencapsulation vector control photoinsecticide spray drying |
| title | Curcumin Microcapsule Formulations for Prolong Persistence in the Photodynamic Inactivation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> Larvae |
| title_full | Curcumin Microcapsule Formulations for Prolong Persistence in the Photodynamic Inactivation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> Larvae |
| title_fullStr | Curcumin Microcapsule Formulations for Prolong Persistence in the Photodynamic Inactivation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> Larvae |
| title_full_unstemmed | Curcumin Microcapsule Formulations for Prolong Persistence in the Photodynamic Inactivation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> Larvae |
| title_short | Curcumin Microcapsule Formulations for Prolong Persistence in the Photodynamic Inactivation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> Larvae |
| title_sort | curcumin microcapsule formulations for prolong persistence in the photodynamic inactivation of i aedes aegypti i larvae |
| topic | photodynamic inactivation curcumin microencapsulation vector control photoinsecticide spray drying |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/4/496 |
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