Investigation of serum biomarkers in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis patients for disease-specific signatures
Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are systemic auto-immune diseases of unknown aetiology that lead to systemic inflammation and synovial joint destruction. Identification of specific serum proteins that selectively regulate these diseases, or which precede d...
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BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Arthritis Research & Therapy |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-025-03608-6 |
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| author | James D Veale Áine Gorman Douglas J Veale Ursula Fearon Carl Orr Viviana Marzaioli |
| author_facet | James D Veale Áine Gorman Douglas J Veale Ursula Fearon Carl Orr Viviana Marzaioli |
| author_sort | James D Veale |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are systemic auto-immune diseases of unknown aetiology that lead to systemic inflammation and synovial joint destruction. Identification of specific serum proteins that selectively regulate these diseases, or which precede disease development could have great potential as disease biomarkers and predictors. Methods Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, Serum amyloid A (SAA), Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs 1, 3 and 9) and metabolic markers: Active Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), active Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), C-Peptide, Glucagon, Insulin, Leptin, Pancreatic Polypeptide (PP) were measured by Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) multiplex analysis assay. Results Serum levels of sICAM-1, MMP1, MMP3, PP, c-Peptide, CRP and SAA were specifically upregulated in RA, but not in PsA disease, displaying high sensitivity (ROC curves). In the early phase of the disease, these markers may be suitable for discriminating RA from PsA patients. Differences in sex, BMI, and disease activity were observed. This is the first study which directly compare serum metabolic markers between diseases and identifies specific disease signatures between RA and PsA. In addition, this study identified that CRP, SAA, GLP-1, GIP-1, Leptin and PP serum protein precede disease onset, as they are already altered in the serum of ‘individuals at risk’ of developing RA. Of these, CRP, SAA, Leptin and PP might predict IAR conversion to RA+, thus making them suitable candidates for disease prediction. Conclusions Altogether, this study identifies selective serum markers associated with RA and PsA, which are pathotype-specific and are predictors of RA disease onset. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-44e7d0cc811e47028ce45eb45246ca6d |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1478-6362 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Arthritis Research & Therapy |
| spelling | doaj-art-44e7d0cc811e47028ce45eb45246ca6d2025-08-20T03:05:13ZengBMCArthritis Research & Therapy1478-63622025-07-0127111310.1186/s13075-025-03608-6Investigation of serum biomarkers in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis patients for disease-specific signaturesJames D Veale0Áine Gorman1Douglas J Veale2Ursula Fearon3Carl Orr4Viviana Marzaioli5Molecular Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinRheumatology EULAR Centre of Excellence, Centre for Arthritis & Rheumatic Diseases, St Vincent’s University Hospital, University College DublinRheumatology EULAR Centre of Excellence, Centre for Arthritis & Rheumatic Diseases, St Vincent’s University Hospital, University College DublinMolecular Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinRheumatology EULAR Centre of Excellence, Centre for Arthritis & Rheumatic Diseases, St Vincent’s University Hospital, University College DublinMolecular Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinAbstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are systemic auto-immune diseases of unknown aetiology that lead to systemic inflammation and synovial joint destruction. Identification of specific serum proteins that selectively regulate these diseases, or which precede disease development could have great potential as disease biomarkers and predictors. Methods Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, Serum amyloid A (SAA), Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs 1, 3 and 9) and metabolic markers: Active Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), active Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), C-Peptide, Glucagon, Insulin, Leptin, Pancreatic Polypeptide (PP) were measured by Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) multiplex analysis assay. Results Serum levels of sICAM-1, MMP1, MMP3, PP, c-Peptide, CRP and SAA were specifically upregulated in RA, but not in PsA disease, displaying high sensitivity (ROC curves). In the early phase of the disease, these markers may be suitable for discriminating RA from PsA patients. Differences in sex, BMI, and disease activity were observed. This is the first study which directly compare serum metabolic markers between diseases and identifies specific disease signatures between RA and PsA. In addition, this study identified that CRP, SAA, GLP-1, GIP-1, Leptin and PP serum protein precede disease onset, as they are already altered in the serum of ‘individuals at risk’ of developing RA. Of these, CRP, SAA, Leptin and PP might predict IAR conversion to RA+, thus making them suitable candidates for disease prediction. Conclusions Altogether, this study identifies selective serum markers associated with RA and PsA, which are pathotype-specific and are predictors of RA disease onset.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-025-03608-6Rheumatoid arthritisPsoriatic arthritisSerum biomarkersInflammationDisease pathotypes. |
| spellingShingle | James D Veale Áine Gorman Douglas J Veale Ursula Fearon Carl Orr Viviana Marzaioli Investigation of serum biomarkers in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis patients for disease-specific signatures Arthritis Research & Therapy Rheumatoid arthritis Psoriatic arthritis Serum biomarkers Inflammation Disease pathotypes. |
| title | Investigation of serum biomarkers in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis patients for disease-specific signatures |
| title_full | Investigation of serum biomarkers in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis patients for disease-specific signatures |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of serum biomarkers in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis patients for disease-specific signatures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of serum biomarkers in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis patients for disease-specific signatures |
| title_short | Investigation of serum biomarkers in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis patients for disease-specific signatures |
| title_sort | investigation of serum biomarkers in rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis patients for disease specific signatures |
| topic | Rheumatoid arthritis Psoriatic arthritis Serum biomarkers Inflammation Disease pathotypes. |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-025-03608-6 |
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