New Strategy for the Covalent Immobilisation of Phenolic Compounds on Silica Particles to Fight Against Foodborne Pathogens
The immobilisation of essential oil components (EOCs) on food-grade supports is a promising strategy for preserving liquid foods without the drawbacks of direct EOC addition such as poor solubility, high volatility, and sensory alterations. This study presents a novel method for covalently immobilis...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/1/45 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841549208286396416 |
|---|---|
| author | Alejandro Rivas Héctor Gómez-Llorente Oumaima Moumane Jose Manuel Barat Édgar Pérez-Esteve |
| author_facet | Alejandro Rivas Héctor Gómez-Llorente Oumaima Moumane Jose Manuel Barat Édgar Pérez-Esteve |
| author_sort | Alejandro Rivas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The immobilisation of essential oil components (EOCs) on food-grade supports is a promising strategy for preserving liquid foods without the drawbacks of direct EOC addition such as poor solubility, high volatility, and sensory alterations. This study presents a novel method for covalently immobilising EOCs, specifically thymol and carvacrol, on SiO<sub>2</sub> particles (5–15 µm) using the Mannich reaction. This approach simplifies conventional covalent immobilisation techniques by reducing the steps and reagents while maintaining antimicrobial efficacy and preventing compound migration. The antimicrobial effectiveness of the EOC–SiO<sub>2</sub> system, applied as an additive, was tested against foodborne pathogens (<i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Salmonella enterica</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus,</i> and <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>) inoculated into phosphate buffer solution and fresh apple juice. The results showed high antimicrobial activity, with inactivation exceeding 4-log reductions, depending on the EOC type, target microorganism, and medium. Moreover, the addition of functionalised particles did not affect the juice organoleptic properties. This study demonstrates that the Mannich reaction is an effective method for developing antimicrobial systems based on the covalent immobilisation of EOCs on silica particles, and offers a practical solution for food preservation without compromising food quality. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-44cb9fd3ba7d458ba64a1c077e6b9622 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj-art-44cb9fd3ba7d458ba64a1c077e6b96222025-01-10T13:17:37ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582024-12-011414510.3390/foods14010045New Strategy for the Covalent Immobilisation of Phenolic Compounds on Silica Particles to Fight Against Foodborne PathogensAlejandro Rivas0Héctor Gómez-Llorente1Oumaima Moumane2Jose Manuel Barat3Édgar Pérez-Esteve4Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos—Food UPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, SpainInstituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos—Food UPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, SpainInstituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos—Food UPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, SpainInstituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos—Food UPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, SpainInstituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos—Food UPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, SpainThe immobilisation of essential oil components (EOCs) on food-grade supports is a promising strategy for preserving liquid foods without the drawbacks of direct EOC addition such as poor solubility, high volatility, and sensory alterations. This study presents a novel method for covalently immobilising EOCs, specifically thymol and carvacrol, on SiO<sub>2</sub> particles (5–15 µm) using the Mannich reaction. This approach simplifies conventional covalent immobilisation techniques by reducing the steps and reagents while maintaining antimicrobial efficacy and preventing compound migration. The antimicrobial effectiveness of the EOC–SiO<sub>2</sub> system, applied as an additive, was tested against foodborne pathogens (<i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Salmonella enterica</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus,</i> and <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>) inoculated into phosphate buffer solution and fresh apple juice. The results showed high antimicrobial activity, with inactivation exceeding 4-log reductions, depending on the EOC type, target microorganism, and medium. Moreover, the addition of functionalised particles did not affect the juice organoleptic properties. This study demonstrates that the Mannich reaction is an effective method for developing antimicrobial systems based on the covalent immobilisation of EOCs on silica particles, and offers a practical solution for food preservation without compromising food quality.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/1/45thymolcarvacrolcovalent immobilisationfood preservativesfoodborne pathogensapple juice |
| spellingShingle | Alejandro Rivas Héctor Gómez-Llorente Oumaima Moumane Jose Manuel Barat Édgar Pérez-Esteve New Strategy for the Covalent Immobilisation of Phenolic Compounds on Silica Particles to Fight Against Foodborne Pathogens Foods thymol carvacrol covalent immobilisation food preservatives foodborne pathogens apple juice |
| title | New Strategy for the Covalent Immobilisation of Phenolic Compounds on Silica Particles to Fight Against Foodborne Pathogens |
| title_full | New Strategy for the Covalent Immobilisation of Phenolic Compounds on Silica Particles to Fight Against Foodborne Pathogens |
| title_fullStr | New Strategy for the Covalent Immobilisation of Phenolic Compounds on Silica Particles to Fight Against Foodborne Pathogens |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Strategy for the Covalent Immobilisation of Phenolic Compounds on Silica Particles to Fight Against Foodborne Pathogens |
| title_short | New Strategy for the Covalent Immobilisation of Phenolic Compounds on Silica Particles to Fight Against Foodborne Pathogens |
| title_sort | new strategy for the covalent immobilisation of phenolic compounds on silica particles to fight against foodborne pathogens |
| topic | thymol carvacrol covalent immobilisation food preservatives foodborne pathogens apple juice |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/1/45 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alejandrorivas newstrategyforthecovalentimmobilisationofphenoliccompoundsonsilicaparticlestofightagainstfoodbornepathogens AT hectorgomezllorente newstrategyforthecovalentimmobilisationofphenoliccompoundsonsilicaparticlestofightagainstfoodbornepathogens AT oumaimamoumane newstrategyforthecovalentimmobilisationofphenoliccompoundsonsilicaparticlestofightagainstfoodbornepathogens AT josemanuelbarat newstrategyforthecovalentimmobilisationofphenoliccompoundsonsilicaparticlestofightagainstfoodbornepathogens AT edgarperezesteve newstrategyforthecovalentimmobilisationofphenoliccompoundsonsilicaparticlestofightagainstfoodbornepathogens |