Identified candidate genes for pig mental health: Insights from intensive farming systems

Understanding the genetic basis of porcine mental health (PMH)-related traits in intensive pig farming systems may promote genetic improvement animal welfare enhancement. However, investigations on this topic have been limited to a retrospective focus, and phenotypes have been difficult to elucidate...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xingyu Wei, Lingyao Xu, Jinyun Jiang, Jian Miao, Fen Wu, Zitao Chen, Zhe Zhang, Qishan Wang, Yuchun Pan, Zhen Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge University Press 2024-01-01
Series:Animal Nutriomics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2977377624000206/type/journal_article
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849236071283425280
author Xingyu Wei
Lingyao Xu
Jinyun Jiang
Jian Miao
Fen Wu
Zitao Chen
Zhe Zhang
Qishan Wang
Yuchun Pan
Zhen Wang
author_facet Xingyu Wei
Lingyao Xu
Jinyun Jiang
Jian Miao
Fen Wu
Zitao Chen
Zhe Zhang
Qishan Wang
Yuchun Pan
Zhen Wang
author_sort Xingyu Wei
collection DOAJ
description Understanding the genetic basis of porcine mental health (PMH)-related traits in intensive pig farming systems may promote genetic improvement animal welfare enhancement. However, investigations on this topic have been limited to a retrospective focus, and phenotypes have been difficult to elucidate due to an unknown genetic basis. Intensively farmed pigs, such as those of the Duroc, Landrace, and Yorkshire breeds, have undergone prolonged selection pressure in intensive farming systems. This has potentially subjected genes related to mental health in these pigs to positive selection. To identify genes undergoing positive selection under intensive farming conditions, we employed multiple selection signature detection approaches. Specifically, we integrated disease gene annotations from three human gene–disease association databases (Disease, DisGeNET, and MalaCards) to pinpoint genes potentially associated with pig mental health, revealing a total of 254 candidate genes related to PMH. In-depth functional analyses revealed that candidate PMH genes were significantly overrepresented in signaling-related pathways (e.g., the dopaminergic synapse, neuroactive ligand‒receptor interaction, and calcium signaling pathways) or Gene Ontology terms (e.g., dendritic tree and synapse). These candidate PMH genes were expressed at high levels in the porcine brain regions such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus, and the cell type in which they were significantly enriched was neurons in the hippocampus. Moreover, they potentially affect pork meat quality traits. Our findings make a significant contribution to elucidating the genetic basis of PMH, facilitating genetic improvements for the welfare of pigs and establishing pigs as valuable animal models for gaining insights into human psychiatric disorders.
format Article
id doaj-art-44bc09f88a0745758fd07706d96f85b2
institution Kabale University
issn 2977-3776
2977-3784
language English
publishDate 2024-01-01
publisher Cambridge University Press
record_format Article
series Animal Nutriomics
spelling doaj-art-44bc09f88a0745758fd07706d96f85b22025-08-20T04:02:28ZengCambridge University PressAnimal Nutriomics2977-37762977-37842024-01-01110.1017/anr.2024.20Identified candidate genes for pig mental health: Insights from intensive farming systemsXingyu Wei0Lingyao Xu1Jinyun Jiang2Jian Miao3Fen Wu4Zitao Chen5Zhe Zhang6Qishan Wang7Yuchun Pan8Zhen Wang9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1896-3716College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaUnderstanding the genetic basis of porcine mental health (PMH)-related traits in intensive pig farming systems may promote genetic improvement animal welfare enhancement. However, investigations on this topic have been limited to a retrospective focus, and phenotypes have been difficult to elucidate due to an unknown genetic basis. Intensively farmed pigs, such as those of the Duroc, Landrace, and Yorkshire breeds, have undergone prolonged selection pressure in intensive farming systems. This has potentially subjected genes related to mental health in these pigs to positive selection. To identify genes undergoing positive selection under intensive farming conditions, we employed multiple selection signature detection approaches. Specifically, we integrated disease gene annotations from three human gene–disease association databases (Disease, DisGeNET, and MalaCards) to pinpoint genes potentially associated with pig mental health, revealing a total of 254 candidate genes related to PMH. In-depth functional analyses revealed that candidate PMH genes were significantly overrepresented in signaling-related pathways (e.g., the dopaminergic synapse, neuroactive ligand‒receptor interaction, and calcium signaling pathways) or Gene Ontology terms (e.g., dendritic tree and synapse). These candidate PMH genes were expressed at high levels in the porcine brain regions such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus, and the cell type in which they were significantly enriched was neurons in the hippocampus. Moreover, they potentially affect pork meat quality traits. Our findings make a significant contribution to elucidating the genetic basis of PMH, facilitating genetic improvements for the welfare of pigs and establishing pigs as valuable animal models for gaining insights into human psychiatric disorders.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2977377624000206/type/journal_articleintensive systemselection signaturespig mental health genespsychiatric disorders
spellingShingle Xingyu Wei
Lingyao Xu
Jinyun Jiang
Jian Miao
Fen Wu
Zitao Chen
Zhe Zhang
Qishan Wang
Yuchun Pan
Zhen Wang
Identified candidate genes for pig mental health: Insights from intensive farming systems
Animal Nutriomics
intensive system
selection signatures
pig mental health genes
psychiatric disorders
title Identified candidate genes for pig mental health: Insights from intensive farming systems
title_full Identified candidate genes for pig mental health: Insights from intensive farming systems
title_fullStr Identified candidate genes for pig mental health: Insights from intensive farming systems
title_full_unstemmed Identified candidate genes for pig mental health: Insights from intensive farming systems
title_short Identified candidate genes for pig mental health: Insights from intensive farming systems
title_sort identified candidate genes for pig mental health insights from intensive farming systems
topic intensive system
selection signatures
pig mental health genes
psychiatric disorders
url https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2977377624000206/type/journal_article
work_keys_str_mv AT xingyuwei identifiedcandidategenesforpigmentalhealthinsightsfromintensivefarmingsystems
AT lingyaoxu identifiedcandidategenesforpigmentalhealthinsightsfromintensivefarmingsystems
AT jinyunjiang identifiedcandidategenesforpigmentalhealthinsightsfromintensivefarmingsystems
AT jianmiao identifiedcandidategenesforpigmentalhealthinsightsfromintensivefarmingsystems
AT fenwu identifiedcandidategenesforpigmentalhealthinsightsfromintensivefarmingsystems
AT zitaochen identifiedcandidategenesforpigmentalhealthinsightsfromintensivefarmingsystems
AT zhezhang identifiedcandidategenesforpigmentalhealthinsightsfromintensivefarmingsystems
AT qishanwang identifiedcandidategenesforpigmentalhealthinsightsfromintensivefarmingsystems
AT yuchunpan identifiedcandidategenesforpigmentalhealthinsightsfromintensivefarmingsystems
AT zhenwang identifiedcandidategenesforpigmentalhealthinsightsfromintensivefarmingsystems