Gauge-independent emission spectra and quantum correlations in the ultrastrong coupling regime of open system cavity-QED
A quantum dipole interacting with an optical cavity is one of the key models in cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity-QED). To treat this system theoretically, the typical approach is to truncate the dipole to two levels. However, it has been shown that in the ultrastrong-coupling regime, this trun...
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| Language: | English |
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De Gruyter
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Nanophotonics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0718 |
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| author | Salmon Will Gustin Chris Settineri Alessio Di Stefano Omar Zueco David Savasta Salvatore Nori Franco Hughes Stephen |
| author_facet | Salmon Will Gustin Chris Settineri Alessio Di Stefano Omar Zueco David Savasta Salvatore Nori Franco Hughes Stephen |
| author_sort | Salmon Will |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A quantum dipole interacting with an optical cavity is one of the key models in cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity-QED). To treat this system theoretically, the typical approach is to truncate the dipole to two levels. However, it has been shown that in the ultrastrong-coupling regime, this truncation naively destroys gauge invariance. By truncating in a manner consistent with the gauge principle, we introduce master equations for open systems to compute gauge-invariant emission spectra, photon flux rates, and quantum correlation functions which show significant disagreement with previous results obtained using the standard quantum Rabi model. Explicit examples are shown using both the dipole gauge and the Coulomb gauge. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-44b759b4da6d44199ba7b592d9a91c9f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2192-8614 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanophotonics |
| spelling | doaj-art-44b759b4da6d44199ba7b592d9a91c9f2025-08-20T02:49:46ZengDe GruyterNanophotonics2192-86142022-03-011181573159010.1515/nanoph-2021-0718Gauge-independent emission spectra and quantum correlations in the ultrastrong coupling regime of open system cavity-QEDSalmon Will0Gustin Chris1Settineri Alessio2Di Stefano Omar3Zueco David4Savasta Salvatore5Nori Franco6Hughes Stephen7Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, KingstonON K7L 3N6, CanadaDepartment of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, KingstonON K7L 3N6, CanadaDipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, MessinaI-98166, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, MessinaI-98166, ItalyInstituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza50009, SpainDipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, MessinaI-98166, ItalyTheoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama351-0198, JapanDepartment of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, KingstonON K7L 3N6, CanadaA quantum dipole interacting with an optical cavity is one of the key models in cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity-QED). To treat this system theoretically, the typical approach is to truncate the dipole to two levels. However, it has been shown that in the ultrastrong-coupling regime, this truncation naively destroys gauge invariance. By truncating in a manner consistent with the gauge principle, we introduce master equations for open systems to compute gauge-invariant emission spectra, photon flux rates, and quantum correlation functions which show significant disagreement with previous results obtained using the standard quantum Rabi model. Explicit examples are shown using both the dipole gauge and the Coulomb gauge.https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0718cavity-qedgauge invariancemaster equationsopen systemsquantum rabi modelultrastrong coupling |
| spellingShingle | Salmon Will Gustin Chris Settineri Alessio Di Stefano Omar Zueco David Savasta Salvatore Nori Franco Hughes Stephen Gauge-independent emission spectra and quantum correlations in the ultrastrong coupling regime of open system cavity-QED Nanophotonics cavity-qed gauge invariance master equations open systems quantum rabi model ultrastrong coupling |
| title | Gauge-independent emission spectra and quantum correlations in the ultrastrong coupling regime of open system cavity-QED |
| title_full | Gauge-independent emission spectra and quantum correlations in the ultrastrong coupling regime of open system cavity-QED |
| title_fullStr | Gauge-independent emission spectra and quantum correlations in the ultrastrong coupling regime of open system cavity-QED |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gauge-independent emission spectra and quantum correlations in the ultrastrong coupling regime of open system cavity-QED |
| title_short | Gauge-independent emission spectra and quantum correlations in the ultrastrong coupling regime of open system cavity-QED |
| title_sort | gauge independent emission spectra and quantum correlations in the ultrastrong coupling regime of open system cavity qed |
| topic | cavity-qed gauge invariance master equations open systems quantum rabi model ultrastrong coupling |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0718 |
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