Delivering an Electronic Health Record Based Educational Intervention Promoting Peri-Operative Non-Pharmacological Pain Care as Part of a Randomized Controlled Trial: Mixed Method Evaluation of Inpatient Nurses’ Perspectives

Abstract BackgroundBest practice guidelines recommend educating surgical patients about non-pharmacological pain care (NPPC) techniques that can be used in addition to pain medication for perioperative pain management, given the risks for opioid misuse following surgery. As pa...

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Main Authors: Sarah A Minteer, Cindy Tofthagen, Kathy Sheffield, Susanne Cutshall, Susan Launder, Jane Hein, Mary McGough, Christy M Audeh, Jon C Tilburt, Andrea L Cheville
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: JMIR Publications 2025-07-01
Series:JMIR Nursing
Online Access:https://nursing.jmir.org/2025/1/e70332
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author Sarah A Minteer
Cindy Tofthagen
Kathy Sheffield
Susanne Cutshall
Susan Launder
Jane Hein
Mary McGough
Christy M Audeh
Jon C Tilburt
Andrea L Cheville
author_facet Sarah A Minteer
Cindy Tofthagen
Kathy Sheffield
Susanne Cutshall
Susan Launder
Jane Hein
Mary McGough
Christy M Audeh
Jon C Tilburt
Andrea L Cheville
author_sort Sarah A Minteer
collection DOAJ
description Abstract BackgroundBest practice guidelines recommend educating surgical patients about non-pharmacological pain care (NPPC) techniques that can be used in addition to pain medication for perioperative pain management, given the risks for opioid misuse following surgery. As part of the parent non-pharmacologic options in postoperative hospital-based and rehabilitation pain management (NOHARM) clinical trial, we implemented the Healing After Surgery initiative, which leveraged the Epic electronic health record (EHR) to provide patients with education on NPPC techniques perioperatively. We disseminated educational materials directly to patients via the EHR patient portal and prompted patients to select the techniques they were most interested in using, which auto-populated the EHR so that their care team could view their preferences. We also built clinical decision support elements in the EHR to prompt and support inpatient nurses in providing patients with education and reinforcement for using their preferred NPPC techniques. Print materials, a website, a DVD, videos on hospital televisions, a toll-free number, and Zoom-based group calls provided additional education on NPPC techniques. ObjectiveThis study evaluated nurses’ perceptions of barriers and facilitators to implementing the EHR-based Healing After Surgery initiative. MethodsWe invited inpatient nursing leaders and bedside nurses to participate in a semistructured interview. Inpatient nursing leaders were invited to complete a brief survey that asked them to rate their agreement with 7 items using a numeric rating scale (1=not at all, 10=a great deal). ResultsInterview findings from 29 nurses revealed: (1) nurses gravitated towards providing NPPC techniques they were familiar with, (2) the initiative was patient-centric with opportunities to better engage patients, and (3) nurses experienced challenges implementing and prioritizing the intervention in the inpatient setting due to competing demands in a pandemic and postpandemic environment. Interviews revealed mixed effectiveness of implementation strategies. We received survey responses from 47 nursing leaders who indicated that their staff knew about the Healing After Surgery initiative (mean=7.53, SD=1.77) and what they were expected to do (mean=7, SD=1.88). They thought the Healing After Surgery initiative supported patients’ pain management needs (mean=6.76, SD=2.24), endorsed it as a priority (mean=7.02, SD=2.56), and encouraged staff to support it (mean=5.98, SD=2.78). They indicated staff experienced some burden supporting the initiative (mean=3.93, SD=2.47), but supported some variation of the initiative continuing once the parent trial ended (mean=7.72, SD=2.62). ConclusionsNurses understood the intervention’s benefit but struggled to implement unfamiliar NPPC techniques and prioritize the initiative due to other clinical demands. Additional implementation strategies may be needed to better engage patients and facilitate intervention delivery.
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spelling doaj-art-44564238d95d4da68b7841f3cfceeb7b2025-08-20T03:55:49ZengJMIR PublicationsJMIR Nursing2562-76002025-07-018e70332e7033210.2196/70332Delivering an Electronic Health Record Based Educational Intervention Promoting Peri-Operative Non-Pharmacological Pain Care as Part of a Randomized Controlled Trial: Mixed Method Evaluation of Inpatient Nurses’ PerspectivesSarah A Minteerhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-8486-6917Cindy Tofthagenhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-3757-5823Kathy Sheffieldhttp://orcid.org/0009-0000-0926-6380Susanne Cutshallhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-6478-8085Susan Launderhttp://orcid.org/0009-0001-2688-2019Jane Heinhttp://orcid.org/0009-0004-5821-9440Mary McGoughhttp://orcid.org/0009-0009-8551-3625Christy M Audehhttp://orcid.org/0009-0001-7523-283XJon C Tilburthttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-6165-6415Andrea L Chevillehttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-7668-6115 Abstract BackgroundBest practice guidelines recommend educating surgical patients about non-pharmacological pain care (NPPC) techniques that can be used in addition to pain medication for perioperative pain management, given the risks for opioid misuse following surgery. As part of the parent non-pharmacologic options in postoperative hospital-based and rehabilitation pain management (NOHARM) clinical trial, we implemented the Healing After Surgery initiative, which leveraged the Epic electronic health record (EHR) to provide patients with education on NPPC techniques perioperatively. We disseminated educational materials directly to patients via the EHR patient portal and prompted patients to select the techniques they were most interested in using, which auto-populated the EHR so that their care team could view their preferences. We also built clinical decision support elements in the EHR to prompt and support inpatient nurses in providing patients with education and reinforcement for using their preferred NPPC techniques. Print materials, a website, a DVD, videos on hospital televisions, a toll-free number, and Zoom-based group calls provided additional education on NPPC techniques. ObjectiveThis study evaluated nurses’ perceptions of barriers and facilitators to implementing the EHR-based Healing After Surgery initiative. MethodsWe invited inpatient nursing leaders and bedside nurses to participate in a semistructured interview. Inpatient nursing leaders were invited to complete a brief survey that asked them to rate their agreement with 7 items using a numeric rating scale (1=not at all, 10=a great deal). ResultsInterview findings from 29 nurses revealed: (1) nurses gravitated towards providing NPPC techniques they were familiar with, (2) the initiative was patient-centric with opportunities to better engage patients, and (3) nurses experienced challenges implementing and prioritizing the intervention in the inpatient setting due to competing demands in a pandemic and postpandemic environment. Interviews revealed mixed effectiveness of implementation strategies. We received survey responses from 47 nursing leaders who indicated that their staff knew about the Healing After Surgery initiative (mean=7.53, SD=1.77) and what they were expected to do (mean=7, SD=1.88). They thought the Healing After Surgery initiative supported patients’ pain management needs (mean=6.76, SD=2.24), endorsed it as a priority (mean=7.02, SD=2.56), and encouraged staff to support it (mean=5.98, SD=2.78). They indicated staff experienced some burden supporting the initiative (mean=3.93, SD=2.47), but supported some variation of the initiative continuing once the parent trial ended (mean=7.72, SD=2.62). ConclusionsNurses understood the intervention’s benefit but struggled to implement unfamiliar NPPC techniques and prioritize the initiative due to other clinical demands. Additional implementation strategies may be needed to better engage patients and facilitate intervention delivery.https://nursing.jmir.org/2025/1/e70332
spellingShingle Sarah A Minteer
Cindy Tofthagen
Kathy Sheffield
Susanne Cutshall
Susan Launder
Jane Hein
Mary McGough
Christy M Audeh
Jon C Tilburt
Andrea L Cheville
Delivering an Electronic Health Record Based Educational Intervention Promoting Peri-Operative Non-Pharmacological Pain Care as Part of a Randomized Controlled Trial: Mixed Method Evaluation of Inpatient Nurses’ Perspectives
JMIR Nursing
title Delivering an Electronic Health Record Based Educational Intervention Promoting Peri-Operative Non-Pharmacological Pain Care as Part of a Randomized Controlled Trial: Mixed Method Evaluation of Inpatient Nurses’ Perspectives
title_full Delivering an Electronic Health Record Based Educational Intervention Promoting Peri-Operative Non-Pharmacological Pain Care as Part of a Randomized Controlled Trial: Mixed Method Evaluation of Inpatient Nurses’ Perspectives
title_fullStr Delivering an Electronic Health Record Based Educational Intervention Promoting Peri-Operative Non-Pharmacological Pain Care as Part of a Randomized Controlled Trial: Mixed Method Evaluation of Inpatient Nurses’ Perspectives
title_full_unstemmed Delivering an Electronic Health Record Based Educational Intervention Promoting Peri-Operative Non-Pharmacological Pain Care as Part of a Randomized Controlled Trial: Mixed Method Evaluation of Inpatient Nurses’ Perspectives
title_short Delivering an Electronic Health Record Based Educational Intervention Promoting Peri-Operative Non-Pharmacological Pain Care as Part of a Randomized Controlled Trial: Mixed Method Evaluation of Inpatient Nurses’ Perspectives
title_sort delivering an electronic health record based educational intervention promoting peri operative non pharmacological pain care as part of a randomized controlled trial mixed method evaluation of inpatient nurses perspectives
url https://nursing.jmir.org/2025/1/e70332
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