Pedestrian Sensing and Positioning System Using 2D-LiDAR Based on Artificial Neural Networks Toward 6G

This work reports the implementation of a simple and accurate indoor sensing and positioning system using a two-dimensional (2D) Light Detecting and Ranging (LiDAR) to fulfill the vigorous requirements from the Beyond Fifth Generation of mobile networks (B5G), including the Sixth Generation of Mobil...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Egidio Raimundo Neto, Matheus Ferreira Silva, Arismar Cerqueira Sodre
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2024-01-01
Series:IEEE Access
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10699327/
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850210026145185792
author Egidio Raimundo Neto
Matheus Ferreira Silva
Arismar Cerqueira Sodre
author_facet Egidio Raimundo Neto
Matheus Ferreira Silva
Arismar Cerqueira Sodre
author_sort Egidio Raimundo Neto
collection DOAJ
description This work reports the implementation of a simple and accurate indoor sensing and positioning system using a two-dimensional (2D) Light Detecting and Ranging (LiDAR) to fulfill the vigorous requirements from the Beyond Fifth Generation of mobile networks (B5G), including the Sixth Generation of Mobile Networks (6G). Particularly, we present the development of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based 2D-LiDAR system, renowned for its electromagnetic interference resilience and superior accuracy compared to radiofrequency signal methodologies. The proposed framework integrates 2D-LiDARs and Artificial Intelligence (AI) functionalities to enhance the performance of pedestrian sensing and positioning systems in indoor environments. The proposed system architecture incorporates an array of up to four LiDAR sensors, taking advantage of combined data as the input for the exploited ANN aiming to obtain precise user positions within the indoor environment. Those positional data are pivotal for B5G systems, enabling optimized control and management of antenna arrays and Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS), significantly improving the user experience. The main contributions include the development and implementation of the proposed system; the demonstration of this innovative system applicability for 6G, tested in a 16 m2 research laboratory space divided into up to 64 quadrants; and the experimental performance analysis under real indoor conditions, evaluated in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Experimental results underscore and demonstrate the proposed system efficiency and applicability for accurately mapping pedestrian locations, achieving remarkable accuracy, precision, recall and F1 Score rates of up to 99%.
format Article
id doaj-art-445520a6ffba44f4bb9ed8854285beef
institution OA Journals
issn 2169-3536
language English
publishDate 2024-01-01
publisher IEEE
record_format Article
series IEEE Access
spelling doaj-art-445520a6ffba44f4bb9ed8854285beef2025-08-20T02:09:52ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362024-01-011215228915230910.1109/ACCESS.2024.347058910699327Pedestrian Sensing and Positioning System Using 2D-LiDAR Based on Artificial Neural Networks Toward 6GEgidio Raimundo Neto0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1602-7203Matheus Ferreira Silva1Arismar Cerqueira Sodre2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5659-4165Laboratory WOCA, National Institute of Telecommunications, Santa Rita do Sapucaí, BrazilLaboratory WOCA, National Institute of Telecommunications, Santa Rita do Sapucaí, BrazilLaboratory WOCA, National Institute of Telecommunications, Santa Rita do Sapucaí, BrazilThis work reports the implementation of a simple and accurate indoor sensing and positioning system using a two-dimensional (2D) Light Detecting and Ranging (LiDAR) to fulfill the vigorous requirements from the Beyond Fifth Generation of mobile networks (B5G), including the Sixth Generation of Mobile Networks (6G). Particularly, we present the development of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based 2D-LiDAR system, renowned for its electromagnetic interference resilience and superior accuracy compared to radiofrequency signal methodologies. The proposed framework integrates 2D-LiDARs and Artificial Intelligence (AI) functionalities to enhance the performance of pedestrian sensing and positioning systems in indoor environments. The proposed system architecture incorporates an array of up to four LiDAR sensors, taking advantage of combined data as the input for the exploited ANN aiming to obtain precise user positions within the indoor environment. Those positional data are pivotal for B5G systems, enabling optimized control and management of antenna arrays and Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS), significantly improving the user experience. The main contributions include the development and implementation of the proposed system; the demonstration of this innovative system applicability for 6G, tested in a 16 m2 research laboratory space divided into up to 64 quadrants; and the experimental performance analysis under real indoor conditions, evaluated in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Experimental results underscore and demonstrate the proposed system efficiency and applicability for accurately mapping pedestrian locations, achieving remarkable accuracy, precision, recall and F1 Score rates of up to 99%.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10699327/AIANNB5G6Gpositioning and sensing2D-LiDAR
spellingShingle Egidio Raimundo Neto
Matheus Ferreira Silva
Arismar Cerqueira Sodre
Pedestrian Sensing and Positioning System Using 2D-LiDAR Based on Artificial Neural Networks Toward 6G
IEEE Access
AI
ANN
B5G
6G
positioning and sensing
2D-LiDAR
title Pedestrian Sensing and Positioning System Using 2D-LiDAR Based on Artificial Neural Networks Toward 6G
title_full Pedestrian Sensing and Positioning System Using 2D-LiDAR Based on Artificial Neural Networks Toward 6G
title_fullStr Pedestrian Sensing and Positioning System Using 2D-LiDAR Based on Artificial Neural Networks Toward 6G
title_full_unstemmed Pedestrian Sensing and Positioning System Using 2D-LiDAR Based on Artificial Neural Networks Toward 6G
title_short Pedestrian Sensing and Positioning System Using 2D-LiDAR Based on Artificial Neural Networks Toward 6G
title_sort pedestrian sensing and positioning system using 2d lidar based on artificial neural networks toward 6g
topic AI
ANN
B5G
6G
positioning and sensing
2D-LiDAR
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10699327/
work_keys_str_mv AT egidioraimundoneto pedestriansensingandpositioningsystemusing2dlidarbasedonartificialneuralnetworkstoward6g
AT matheusferreirasilva pedestriansensingandpositioningsystemusing2dlidarbasedonartificialneuralnetworkstoward6g
AT arismarcerqueirasodre pedestriansensingandpositioningsystemusing2dlidarbasedonartificialneuralnetworkstoward6g