Review of the Problem of the Earth Shape

The determination of the shape of the Earth has been one of the fundamental problems geodesy was supposed to solve; it has been and possibly still is the <b>main geodetic problem</b>. It is thus appropriate for geodesists to look at this problem periodically, and this is what the authors...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Petr Vaníček, Pavel Novák, Marcelo Santos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Geomatics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7418/5/2/24
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849472389376638976
author Petr Vaníček
Pavel Novák
Marcelo Santos
author_facet Petr Vaníček
Pavel Novák
Marcelo Santos
author_sort Petr Vaníček
collection DOAJ
description The determination of the shape of the Earth has been one of the fundamental problems geodesy was supposed to solve; it has been and possibly still is the <b>main geodetic problem</b>. It is thus appropriate for geodesists to look at this problem periodically, and this is what the authors of this paper aim to do. About 50 years ago, geodesists started using satellites as a new and very powerful tool. Many problems that were either impossible to solve or that presented almost unsurmountable hurdles to solutions have now been solved relatively simply, so much so that in the eyes of some people, satellites can solve all geodetic problems, and attempts are being made to show that this is indeed the case. We feel that the time has come to show that even satellites have their limitations, the main one being that for them to remain in their orbit, they must fly quite high, typically at several hundred kilometres. The gravitational field of the Earth (and that of any celestial body) smoother as one gets higher and higher. In other words, the gravitational field at the satellite orbit altitude loses detailed information that one can see at the surface of the Earth. In this contribution, we shall try to explain what satellites have contributed to the study of the shape of the Earth and what issues remain to be sorted out.
format Article
id doaj-art-442dc396bfde433f82a374a19fa97325
institution Kabale University
issn 2673-7418
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Geomatics
spelling doaj-art-442dc396bfde433f82a374a19fa973252025-08-20T03:24:33ZengMDPI AGGeomatics2673-74182025-06-01522410.3390/geomatics5020024Review of the Problem of the Earth ShapePetr Vaníček0Pavel Novák1Marcelo Santos2Department of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, CanadaNTIS—New Technologies for the Information Society, University of West Bohemia, 301 00 Plzeň, Czech RepublicDepartment of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, CanadaThe determination of the shape of the Earth has been one of the fundamental problems geodesy was supposed to solve; it has been and possibly still is the <b>main geodetic problem</b>. It is thus appropriate for geodesists to look at this problem periodically, and this is what the authors of this paper aim to do. About 50 years ago, geodesists started using satellites as a new and very powerful tool. Many problems that were either impossible to solve or that presented almost unsurmountable hurdles to solutions have now been solved relatively simply, so much so that in the eyes of some people, satellites can solve all geodetic problems, and attempts are being made to show that this is indeed the case. We feel that the time has come to show that even satellites have their limitations, the main one being that for them to remain in their orbit, they must fly quite high, typically at several hundred kilometres. The gravitational field of the Earth (and that of any celestial body) smoother as one gets higher and higher. In other words, the gravitational field at the satellite orbit altitude loses detailed information that one can see at the surface of the Earth. In this contribution, we shall try to explain what satellites have contributed to the study of the shape of the Earth and what issues remain to be sorted out.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7418/5/2/24shape of the Earthgeodesyheightssatellite solutions of Earth’s gravity field
spellingShingle Petr Vaníček
Pavel Novák
Marcelo Santos
Review of the Problem of the Earth Shape
Geomatics
shape of the Earth
geodesy
heights
satellite solutions of Earth’s gravity field
title Review of the Problem of the Earth Shape
title_full Review of the Problem of the Earth Shape
title_fullStr Review of the Problem of the Earth Shape
title_full_unstemmed Review of the Problem of the Earth Shape
title_short Review of the Problem of the Earth Shape
title_sort review of the problem of the earth shape
topic shape of the Earth
geodesy
heights
satellite solutions of Earth’s gravity field
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7418/5/2/24
work_keys_str_mv AT petrvanicek reviewoftheproblemoftheearthshape
AT pavelnovak reviewoftheproblemoftheearthshape
AT marcelosantos reviewoftheproblemoftheearthshape