Antivirulence Properties of Kuraridin Against Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA)
<b>Background:</b> Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) is a major human opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide range of infections. The vast arsenal of virulence factors expressed remains the biggest challenge in treating MRSA with conventional antibi...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| author | Nilakshi Barua Ben Chung Lap Chan Clara Bik-San Lau Ping-Chung Leung Kwok Pui Fung Margaret Ip |
| author_facet | Nilakshi Barua Ben Chung Lap Chan Clara Bik-San Lau Ping-Chung Leung Kwok Pui Fung Margaret Ip |
| author_sort | Nilakshi Barua |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) is a major human opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide range of infections. The vast arsenal of virulence factors expressed remains the biggest challenge in treating MRSA with conventional antibiotic therapy. <b>Methods:</b> We investigated the effects of Kuraridin at subinhibitory minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) of 1/8, 1/16, and 1/32 (concentrations that did not inhibit bacterial growth) on adhesion to fibrinogen, adhesion, internalization into HaCaT cells, and biofilm production in three MRSA strains representing the clonal types USA300, ST30, and ST239. <b>Results:</b> All three MRSA strains exhibited a significant decrease (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in adhesion to fibrinogen upon treatment with 1/8 and 1/16 MICs of Kuraridin. The adhesion and internalization of all the MRSA strains to HaCaT cells were decreased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001) upon treatment with the three subinhibitory concentrations of Kuraridin. The biofilm formation of USA300 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), ST30 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and ST239 (<i>p</i> < 0.01) was significantly reduced at a 1/8 MIC. A significant decrease in biofilm formation at a 1/16 MIC was observed for USA300 (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and ST30 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CSLM) analysis of the biofilms revealed a reduction in biofilm formation in the MRSA strain when treated with Kuraridin. In the in vivo <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> model, Kuraridin offered a sizable degree of protection against MRSA infection without being toxic to the nematode. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings reveal that Kuraridin has the potential to be an alternative antivirulence option for reducing MRSA pathogenicity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-441ba691327a4da09de6b024f2d41eaf |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj-art-441ba691327a4da09de6b024f2d41eaf2025-08-20T02:11:04ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-02-0113356410.3390/biomedicines13030564Antivirulence Properties of Kuraridin Against Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA)Nilakshi Barua0Ben Chung Lap Chan1Clara Bik-San Lau2Ping-Chung Leung3Kwok Pui Fung4Margaret Ip5Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong 999077, ChinaInstitute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong 999077, ChinaInstitute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong 999077, ChinaInstitute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong 999077, ChinaSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong 999077, ChinaDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong 999077, China<b>Background:</b> Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) is a major human opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide range of infections. The vast arsenal of virulence factors expressed remains the biggest challenge in treating MRSA with conventional antibiotic therapy. <b>Methods:</b> We investigated the effects of Kuraridin at subinhibitory minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) of 1/8, 1/16, and 1/32 (concentrations that did not inhibit bacterial growth) on adhesion to fibrinogen, adhesion, internalization into HaCaT cells, and biofilm production in three MRSA strains representing the clonal types USA300, ST30, and ST239. <b>Results:</b> All three MRSA strains exhibited a significant decrease (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in adhesion to fibrinogen upon treatment with 1/8 and 1/16 MICs of Kuraridin. The adhesion and internalization of all the MRSA strains to HaCaT cells were decreased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001) upon treatment with the three subinhibitory concentrations of Kuraridin. The biofilm formation of USA300 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), ST30 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and ST239 (<i>p</i> < 0.01) was significantly reduced at a 1/8 MIC. A significant decrease in biofilm formation at a 1/16 MIC was observed for USA300 (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and ST30 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CSLM) analysis of the biofilms revealed a reduction in biofilm formation in the MRSA strain when treated with Kuraridin. In the in vivo <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> model, Kuraridin offered a sizable degree of protection against MRSA infection without being toxic to the nematode. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings reveal that Kuraridin has the potential to be an alternative antivirulence option for reducing MRSA pathogenicity.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/3/564methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Kuraridin<i>C. elegans</i>Sortase Aantivirulenceantimicrobial |
| spellingShingle | Nilakshi Barua Ben Chung Lap Chan Clara Bik-San Lau Ping-Chung Leung Kwok Pui Fung Margaret Ip Antivirulence Properties of Kuraridin Against Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) Biomedicines methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Kuraridin <i>C. elegans</i> Sortase A antivirulence antimicrobial |
| title | Antivirulence Properties of Kuraridin Against Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) |
| title_full | Antivirulence Properties of Kuraridin Against Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) |
| title_fullStr | Antivirulence Properties of Kuraridin Against Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antivirulence Properties of Kuraridin Against Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) |
| title_short | Antivirulence Properties of Kuraridin Against Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) |
| title_sort | antivirulence properties of kuraridin against methicillin resistant i staphylococcus aureus i mrsa |
| topic | methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Kuraridin <i>C. elegans</i> Sortase A antivirulence antimicrobial |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/3/564 |
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