The glutamate receptor gene GLR3.3: A bridge of calcium-mediated root development in poplar
Poplar is one of the fastest-growing temperate trees in the world and is widely used in ornamental horticulture for shade. The root is essential for tree growth and development and its utilization potential is huge. Calcium (Ca), as a signaling molecule, is involved in the regulation of plant root d...
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| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Horticultural Plant Journal |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468014123001723 |
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| author | Yi An Ya Geng Yu Liu Xiao Han Lichao Huang Wei Zeng Jin Zhang Mengzhu Lu |
| author_facet | Yi An Ya Geng Yu Liu Xiao Han Lichao Huang Wei Zeng Jin Zhang Mengzhu Lu |
| author_sort | Yi An |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Poplar is one of the fastest-growing temperate trees in the world and is widely used in ornamental horticulture for shade. The root is essential for tree growth and development and its utilization potential is huge. Calcium (Ca), as a signaling molecule, is involved in the regulation of plant root development. However, the detailed underlying regulatory mechanism is elusive. In this study, we analyzed the morphological and transcriptomic variations of 84K poplar (Populus alba × P. glandulosa) in response to different calcium concentrations and found that low Ca2+ (1 mmol · L−1) promoted lateral root development, while deficiency (0.1 mmol · L−1 Ca2+) inhibited lateral root development. Co-expression analysis showed that Ca2+ channel glutamate receptors (GLRs) were present in various modules with significance for root development. Two GLR paralogous genes, PagGLR3.3a and PagGLR3.3b, were mainly expressed in roots and up-regulated under Ca2+ deficiency. The CRISPR/Cas9-mediated signal gene (crispr-PagGLR3.3a, PagGLR3.3b) and double gene (crispr-PagGLR3.3ab) mutants presented more and longer lateral roots. Anatomical analysis showed that crispr-PagGLR3.3ab plants had more xylem cells and promoted the development of secondary vascular tissues. Further transcriptomic analysis suggested that knockout of PagGLR3.3a and PagGLR3.3b led to the up-regulation of several genes related to protein phosphorylation, auxin efflux, lignin and hemicellulose biosynthesis as well as transcriptional regulation, which might contribute to lateral root growth. This study not only provides novel insight into how the Ca2+ channels mediated root growth and development in trees, but also provides a directive breeding of new poplar species for biofuel and bioenergy production. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-441b1e66762f4e4d9664c8a82f99d955 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2468-0141 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticultural Plant Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-441b1e66762f4e4d9664c8a82f99d9552025-08-20T02:11:38ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Horticultural Plant Journal2468-01412024-11-011061449146210.1016/j.hpj.2023.01.012The glutamate receptor gene GLR3.3: A bridge of calcium-mediated root development in poplarYi An0Ya Geng1Yu Liu2Xiao Han3Lichao Huang4Wei Zeng5Jin Zhang6Mengzhu Lu7Corresponding authors.; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, ChinaCorresponding authors.; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, ChinaPoplar is one of the fastest-growing temperate trees in the world and is widely used in ornamental horticulture for shade. The root is essential for tree growth and development and its utilization potential is huge. Calcium (Ca), as a signaling molecule, is involved in the regulation of plant root development. However, the detailed underlying regulatory mechanism is elusive. In this study, we analyzed the morphological and transcriptomic variations of 84K poplar (Populus alba × P. glandulosa) in response to different calcium concentrations and found that low Ca2+ (1 mmol · L−1) promoted lateral root development, while deficiency (0.1 mmol · L−1 Ca2+) inhibited lateral root development. Co-expression analysis showed that Ca2+ channel glutamate receptors (GLRs) were present in various modules with significance for root development. Two GLR paralogous genes, PagGLR3.3a and PagGLR3.3b, were mainly expressed in roots and up-regulated under Ca2+ deficiency. The CRISPR/Cas9-mediated signal gene (crispr-PagGLR3.3a, PagGLR3.3b) and double gene (crispr-PagGLR3.3ab) mutants presented more and longer lateral roots. Anatomical analysis showed that crispr-PagGLR3.3ab plants had more xylem cells and promoted the development of secondary vascular tissues. Further transcriptomic analysis suggested that knockout of PagGLR3.3a and PagGLR3.3b led to the up-regulation of several genes related to protein phosphorylation, auxin efflux, lignin and hemicellulose biosynthesis as well as transcriptional regulation, which might contribute to lateral root growth. This study not only provides novel insight into how the Ca2+ channels mediated root growth and development in trees, but also provides a directive breeding of new poplar species for biofuel and bioenergy production.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468014123001723Glutamate receptorCalciumRoot developmentLateral rootPoplar |
| spellingShingle | Yi An Ya Geng Yu Liu Xiao Han Lichao Huang Wei Zeng Jin Zhang Mengzhu Lu The glutamate receptor gene GLR3.3: A bridge of calcium-mediated root development in poplar Horticultural Plant Journal Glutamate receptor Calcium Root development Lateral root Poplar |
| title | The glutamate receptor gene GLR3.3: A bridge of calcium-mediated root development in poplar |
| title_full | The glutamate receptor gene GLR3.3: A bridge of calcium-mediated root development in poplar |
| title_fullStr | The glutamate receptor gene GLR3.3: A bridge of calcium-mediated root development in poplar |
| title_full_unstemmed | The glutamate receptor gene GLR3.3: A bridge of calcium-mediated root development in poplar |
| title_short | The glutamate receptor gene GLR3.3: A bridge of calcium-mediated root development in poplar |
| title_sort | glutamate receptor gene glr3 3 a bridge of calcium mediated root development in poplar |
| topic | Glutamate receptor Calcium Root development Lateral root Poplar |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468014123001723 |
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