Clinico-Microbiological Profile of Infections in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit : An Observational Prospective Study
Introduction: Infections in the intensive care unit (ICU) are a common, severe problem worldwide, associated with significant morbidity and mortality as well as rapidly increasing multi-drug resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics. ICU patients are at greater risk of developing infections due t...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dr. Annil Mahajan
2025-07-01
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| Series: | JK Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journal.jkscience.org/index.php/JK-Science/article/view/364 |
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| Summary: | Introduction: Infections in the intensive care unit (ICU) are a common, severe problem worldwide, associated with significant morbidity and mortality as well as rapidly increasing multi-drug resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics. ICU patients are at greater risk of developing infections due to their underlying medical conditions, comorbidities, immunocompromised state and device use. This study aims to investigate the incidence, clinical and microbiological profile of infections in patients admitted to Surgical ICU.
Material and Methods: This prospective study was conducted over a period of one year in the Department of Microbiology. All the patients admitted in surgical ICU with evidence of infection were included in the study. Depending on the clinical suspicion, various samples were received in the department and processed as per standard protocols. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) of the bacterial isolates was done by Vitek-2 system and these were characterised into multi-/extensively/pan-drug resistant isolates (MDR/ XDR/ PDR). The impact of infections on ICU stays and mortality was studied by comparing the characteristics of study population with demographically matched patients without infections.
Results: Over the period of one-year, bacterial infections were recorded in 311 out of the 1010 patients admitted in Surgical ICU (infection rate 30.8%). In addition, seven patients had fungal infections (0.7%), 48 patients had viral infections (4.8%), four patients had tuberculosis (0.4%) and two patients had Clostridium difficile infection as well. A total 376 bacterial infections were characterized and 420 isolates obtained. Gram-negative isolates, including Escherichia coli (29.8%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (26.2%), Acinetobacter baumannii (13.3%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.4%) were the most common isolates. Among Gram-positive, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and S. aureus were the commonest. 83.3% of the isolates were MDR and 66.4% of these were XDR.
Conclusion: The high incidence of multi-drug-resistant Gram-negative infections in the surgical ICUs suggests that more stringent actions are needed to limit the spread of infections in these areas.
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| ISSN: | 0972-1177 |