Financial Performance of Moroccan Listed Companies: A Multidimensional Analysis of Internal, Macroeconomic, and Institutional Determinants Using Dynamic Panel Data

This study aims to identify the main determinants of financial performance of non-financial companies listed on the Casablanca Stock Exchange. The research focuses on assessing how internal, macroeconomic, and institutional variables affect performance, using (ROA) and (ROE) as key indicators. Meth...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Asmae AMARHYOUZ, Jalal Azegagh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Qubahan 2025-05-01
Series:Qubahan Academic Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journal.qubahan.com/index.php/qaj/article/view/1528
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849470839486939136
author Asmae AMARHYOUZ
Jalal Azegagh
author_facet Asmae AMARHYOUZ
Jalal Azegagh
author_sort Asmae AMARHYOUZ
collection DOAJ
description This study aims to identify the main determinants of financial performance of non-financial companies listed on the Casablanca Stock Exchange. The research focuses on assessing how internal, macroeconomic, and institutional variables affect performance, using (ROA) and (ROE) as key indicators. Methodology: The empirical study covers 8 years from 2013 to 2020 and a balanced panel of 51 Moroccan listed companies. The explanatory variables fall into three categories: firm-specific factors (liquidity, size, age, growth opportunities, and capital structure), macroeconomic indicators (inflation rate, interest rate, exchange rate and GDP growth), and institutional quality (corruption index). To validate the robustness of the outcomes (heteroskedasticity, autocorrelation, and endogeneity), several panel data estimation techniques were applied, including pooled OLS, fixed effects models, and the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). Findings: The results show that liquidity and growth opportunities have a significant and positive impact on performance, while age, firm size, and leverage exert a negative effect. Regarding external factors, inflation and interest rates are shown to be significant constraints to financial performance, whereas GDP growth and exchange rate fluctuations have a non-significant effect. The institutional factor (corruption index), displays only weak explanatory power. Practical implications: The findings provide valuable insights for corporate managers, investors, and policymakers by emphasizing the importance of sound internal financial management, particularly in terms of liquidity and investment strategies. Moreover, the study underlines the need for macroeconomic stability and institutional improvement to support firm performance in emerging markets as Morocco. Originality/value: To the authors' knowledge, empirical studies on the combined effects of internal, macroeconomic and institutional determinants of business performance in the Moroccan context are non-existent. This study contributes to bridging that gap by offering an integrated and dynamic approach to performance analysis, which may serve as a reference for future research on emerging capital markets.
format Article
id doaj-art-44074461cd344c019e04d6dc1c2072c9
institution Kabale University
issn 2709-8206
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Qubahan
record_format Article
series Qubahan Academic Journal
spelling doaj-art-44074461cd344c019e04d6dc1c2072c92025-08-20T03:25:02ZengQubahanQubahan Academic Journal2709-82062025-05-015210.48161/qaj.v5n2a1528Financial Performance of Moroccan Listed Companies: A Multidimensional Analysis of Internal, Macroeconomic, and Institutional Determinants Using Dynamic Panel DataAsmae AMARHYOUZ0Jalal Azegagh 1Research Laboratory in Organizational Management Sciences, National School of Commerce and Management, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.Research Laboratory in Organizational Management Sciences, National School of Commerce and Management, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra 14000, Morocco. This study aims to identify the main determinants of financial performance of non-financial companies listed on the Casablanca Stock Exchange. The research focuses on assessing how internal, macroeconomic, and institutional variables affect performance, using (ROA) and (ROE) as key indicators. Methodology: The empirical study covers 8 years from 2013 to 2020 and a balanced panel of 51 Moroccan listed companies. The explanatory variables fall into three categories: firm-specific factors (liquidity, size, age, growth opportunities, and capital structure), macroeconomic indicators (inflation rate, interest rate, exchange rate and GDP growth), and institutional quality (corruption index). To validate the robustness of the outcomes (heteroskedasticity, autocorrelation, and endogeneity), several panel data estimation techniques were applied, including pooled OLS, fixed effects models, and the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). Findings: The results show that liquidity and growth opportunities have a significant and positive impact on performance, while age, firm size, and leverage exert a negative effect. Regarding external factors, inflation and interest rates are shown to be significant constraints to financial performance, whereas GDP growth and exchange rate fluctuations have a non-significant effect. The institutional factor (corruption index), displays only weak explanatory power. Practical implications: The findings provide valuable insights for corporate managers, investors, and policymakers by emphasizing the importance of sound internal financial management, particularly in terms of liquidity and investment strategies. Moreover, the study underlines the need for macroeconomic stability and institutional improvement to support firm performance in emerging markets as Morocco. Originality/value: To the authors' knowledge, empirical studies on the combined effects of internal, macroeconomic and institutional determinants of business performance in the Moroccan context are non-existent. This study contributes to bridging that gap by offering an integrated and dynamic approach to performance analysis, which may serve as a reference for future research on emerging capital markets. https://journal.qubahan.com/index.php/qaj/article/view/1528financial performance, internal factors, macroeconomic factors, institutional factors, panel data regression; generalized method of moments (GMM).
spellingShingle Asmae AMARHYOUZ
Jalal Azegagh
Financial Performance of Moroccan Listed Companies: A Multidimensional Analysis of Internal, Macroeconomic, and Institutional Determinants Using Dynamic Panel Data
Qubahan Academic Journal
financial performance, internal factors, macroeconomic factors, institutional factors, panel data regression; generalized method of moments (GMM).
title Financial Performance of Moroccan Listed Companies: A Multidimensional Analysis of Internal, Macroeconomic, and Institutional Determinants Using Dynamic Panel Data
title_full Financial Performance of Moroccan Listed Companies: A Multidimensional Analysis of Internal, Macroeconomic, and Institutional Determinants Using Dynamic Panel Data
title_fullStr Financial Performance of Moroccan Listed Companies: A Multidimensional Analysis of Internal, Macroeconomic, and Institutional Determinants Using Dynamic Panel Data
title_full_unstemmed Financial Performance of Moroccan Listed Companies: A Multidimensional Analysis of Internal, Macroeconomic, and Institutional Determinants Using Dynamic Panel Data
title_short Financial Performance of Moroccan Listed Companies: A Multidimensional Analysis of Internal, Macroeconomic, and Institutional Determinants Using Dynamic Panel Data
title_sort financial performance of moroccan listed companies a multidimensional analysis of internal macroeconomic and institutional determinants using dynamic panel data
topic financial performance, internal factors, macroeconomic factors, institutional factors, panel data regression; generalized method of moments (GMM).
url https://journal.qubahan.com/index.php/qaj/article/view/1528
work_keys_str_mv AT asmaeamarhyouz financialperformanceofmoroccanlistedcompaniesamultidimensionalanalysisofinternalmacroeconomicandinstitutionaldeterminantsusingdynamicpaneldata
AT jalalazegagh financialperformanceofmoroccanlistedcompaniesamultidimensionalanalysisofinternalmacroeconomicandinstitutionaldeterminantsusingdynamicpaneldata