Epidemiological and clinical aspects of Guillain-Barré syndrome and its variants

Abstract Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an acute polyradiculoneuropathy that occurs because of an abnormal inflammatory response in the peripheral nervous system, is clinically characterized by acute flaccid paresis and areflexia with or without sensory symptoms. This syndrome can lead...

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Main Authors: Dayanne Rodrigues da Cunha Alves Bento Oliveira, Rubens Nelson Morato Fernandez, Talyta Cortez Grippe, Fabiano Silva Baião, Rafael Lourenco Duarte, Diego Jose Fernandez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Thieme Revinter Publicações 2021-07-01
Series:Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2021000600497&tlng=en
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author Dayanne Rodrigues da Cunha Alves Bento Oliveira
Rubens Nelson Morato Fernandez
Talyta Cortez Grippe
Fabiano Silva Baião
Rafael Lourenco Duarte
Diego Jose Fernandez
author_facet Dayanne Rodrigues da Cunha Alves Bento Oliveira
Rubens Nelson Morato Fernandez
Talyta Cortez Grippe
Fabiano Silva Baião
Rafael Lourenco Duarte
Diego Jose Fernandez
author_sort Dayanne Rodrigues da Cunha Alves Bento Oliveira
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an acute polyradiculoneuropathy that occurs because of an abnormal inflammatory response in the peripheral nervous system, is clinically characterized by acute flaccid paresis and areflexia with or without sensory symptoms. This syndrome can lead to disabling or even life-threatening sequelae. Objective: This study aimed to present the clinical and epidemiological aspects of GBS in patients admitted to a tertiary-level hospital in the Federal District between January 2013 and June 2019. Methods: In this observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study, medical records of patients diagnosed with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, acute motor axonal neuropathy or acute axonal motor-sensitive neuropathy based on electromyographic findings were included, and clinical data were collected retrospectively. Results: A total of 100 patients (63 males and 37 females; ratio, 1.7:1) aged 2–86 years (mean, 36.4 years) were included. The mean annual incidence rate of GBS was 0.54 cases/100,000 inhabitants, with 52 and 49% of the cases occurring between October and March (rainy season) and between April and September (dry season), respectively. The proportions of patients showing each GBS variant were as follows: demyelinating forms, 57%; axonal forms, 39%; and undetermined, 4%. The mean duration of hospitalization was 8–15 days for most patients (38%). During hospitalization, 14% of the patients required mechanical ventilation and 20% experienced infectious complications. Conclusion: The findings indicate that there was an increase in the incidence of GBS during the rainy season. Moreover, we did not observe the typical bimodal distribution regarding age at onset.
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spelling doaj-art-43f7b09dc9c2491db2d294e566edb5e22025-08-20T03:36:02ZengThieme Revinter PublicaçõesArquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria1678-42272021-07-0179649750310.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0314Epidemiological and clinical aspects of Guillain-Barré syndrome and its variantsDayanne Rodrigues da Cunha Alves Bento Oliveirahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4035-2217Rubens Nelson Morato Fernandezhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2978-0269Talyta Cortez Grippehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3126-8002Fabiano Silva Baiãohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0289-1754Rafael Lourenco Duartehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-1496Diego Jose Fernandezhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9373-4200Abstract Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an acute polyradiculoneuropathy that occurs because of an abnormal inflammatory response in the peripheral nervous system, is clinically characterized by acute flaccid paresis and areflexia with or without sensory symptoms. This syndrome can lead to disabling or even life-threatening sequelae. Objective: This study aimed to present the clinical and epidemiological aspects of GBS in patients admitted to a tertiary-level hospital in the Federal District between January 2013 and June 2019. Methods: In this observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study, medical records of patients diagnosed with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, acute motor axonal neuropathy or acute axonal motor-sensitive neuropathy based on electromyographic findings were included, and clinical data were collected retrospectively. Results: A total of 100 patients (63 males and 37 females; ratio, 1.7:1) aged 2–86 years (mean, 36.4 years) were included. The mean annual incidence rate of GBS was 0.54 cases/100,000 inhabitants, with 52 and 49% of the cases occurring between October and March (rainy season) and between April and September (dry season), respectively. The proportions of patients showing each GBS variant were as follows: demyelinating forms, 57%; axonal forms, 39%; and undetermined, 4%. The mean duration of hospitalization was 8–15 days for most patients (38%). During hospitalization, 14% of the patients required mechanical ventilation and 20% experienced infectious complications. Conclusion: The findings indicate that there was an increase in the incidence of GBS during the rainy season. Moreover, we did not observe the typical bimodal distribution regarding age at onset.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2021000600497&tlng=enGuillain-Barré SyndromeElectromyographyNeurophysiologyEpidemiology
spellingShingle Dayanne Rodrigues da Cunha Alves Bento Oliveira
Rubens Nelson Morato Fernandez
Talyta Cortez Grippe
Fabiano Silva Baião
Rafael Lourenco Duarte
Diego Jose Fernandez
Epidemiological and clinical aspects of Guillain-Barré syndrome and its variants
Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Electromyography
Neurophysiology
Epidemiology
title Epidemiological and clinical aspects of Guillain-Barré syndrome and its variants
title_full Epidemiological and clinical aspects of Guillain-Barré syndrome and its variants
title_fullStr Epidemiological and clinical aspects of Guillain-Barré syndrome and its variants
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiological and clinical aspects of Guillain-Barré syndrome and its variants
title_short Epidemiological and clinical aspects of Guillain-Barré syndrome and its variants
title_sort epidemiological and clinical aspects of guillain barre syndrome and its variants
topic Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Electromyography
Neurophysiology
Epidemiology
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2021000600497&tlng=en
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