Data-Driven Analysis of Ocean Fronts’ Impact on Acoustic Propagation: Process Understanding and Machine Learning Applications, Focusing on the Kuroshio Extension Front

Ocean fronts, widespread across the global ocean, cause abrupt shifts in physical properties such as temperature, salinity, and sound speed, significantly affecting underwater acoustic communication and detection. While past research has concentrated on qualitative analysis and small-scale research...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Weishuai Xu, Lei Zhang, Ming Li, Xiaodong Ma, Maolin Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/12/11/2010
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850068522231660544
author Weishuai Xu
Lei Zhang
Ming Li
Xiaodong Ma
Maolin Li
author_facet Weishuai Xu
Lei Zhang
Ming Li
Xiaodong Ma
Maolin Li
author_sort Weishuai Xu
collection DOAJ
description Ocean fronts, widespread across the global ocean, cause abrupt shifts in physical properties such as temperature, salinity, and sound speed, significantly affecting underwater acoustic communication and detection. While past research has concentrated on qualitative analysis and small-scale research on ocean front sections, a comprehensive analysis of ocean fronts’ characteristics and their impact on underwater acoustics is lacking. This study employs high-resolution reanalysis data and in situ observations to accurately identify ocean fronts, sound speed structures, and acoustic propagation features from over six hundred thousand Kuroshio Extension Front (KEF) sections. Utilizing marine big data statistics and machine learning evaluation metrics such as out-of-bag (OOB) error and Shapley values, this study quantitatively assesses the variations in sound speed structures across the KEF and their effects on acoustic propagation shifts. This study’s key findings reveal that differences in sound speed structure are significantly correlated with KEF strength, with the channel axis depth and conjugate depth increasing with front strength, while the thermocline intensity and depth excess decrease. Acoustic propagation features in the KEF environment exhibit notable seasonal variations.
format Article
id doaj-art-43f5dddfc17a4d4396c8e7cfd9a4cb8f
institution DOAJ
issn 2077-1312
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
spelling doaj-art-43f5dddfc17a4d4396c8e7cfd9a4cb8f2025-08-20T02:48:02ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122024-11-011211201010.3390/jmse12112010Data-Driven Analysis of Ocean Fronts’ Impact on Acoustic Propagation: Process Understanding and Machine Learning Applications, Focusing on the Kuroshio Extension FrontWeishuai Xu0Lei Zhang1Ming Li2Xiaodong Ma3Maolin Li4Department of Military Oceanography and Hydrography and Cartography, Dalian Naval Academy, Dalian 116018, ChinaDepartment of Military Oceanography and Hydrography and Cartography, Dalian Naval Academy, Dalian 116018, ChinaCollege of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing 211101, ChinaDepartment of Military Oceanography and Hydrography and Cartography, Dalian Naval Academy, Dalian 116018, ChinaDepartment of Military Oceanography and Hydrography and Cartography, Dalian Naval Academy, Dalian 116018, ChinaOcean fronts, widespread across the global ocean, cause abrupt shifts in physical properties such as temperature, salinity, and sound speed, significantly affecting underwater acoustic communication and detection. While past research has concentrated on qualitative analysis and small-scale research on ocean front sections, a comprehensive analysis of ocean fronts’ characteristics and their impact on underwater acoustics is lacking. This study employs high-resolution reanalysis data and in situ observations to accurately identify ocean fronts, sound speed structures, and acoustic propagation features from over six hundred thousand Kuroshio Extension Front (KEF) sections. Utilizing marine big data statistics and machine learning evaluation metrics such as out-of-bag (OOB) error and Shapley values, this study quantitatively assesses the variations in sound speed structures across the KEF and their effects on acoustic propagation shifts. This study’s key findings reveal that differences in sound speed structure are significantly correlated with KEF strength, with the channel axis depth and conjugate depth increasing with front strength, while the thermocline intensity and depth excess decrease. Acoustic propagation features in the KEF environment exhibit notable seasonal variations.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/12/11/2010Kuroshio Extension Frontvertical sound speed structureacoustic propagationmarine big datamachine learningShapley value
spellingShingle Weishuai Xu
Lei Zhang
Ming Li
Xiaodong Ma
Maolin Li
Data-Driven Analysis of Ocean Fronts’ Impact on Acoustic Propagation: Process Understanding and Machine Learning Applications, Focusing on the Kuroshio Extension Front
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
Kuroshio Extension Front
vertical sound speed structure
acoustic propagation
marine big data
machine learning
Shapley value
title Data-Driven Analysis of Ocean Fronts’ Impact on Acoustic Propagation: Process Understanding and Machine Learning Applications, Focusing on the Kuroshio Extension Front
title_full Data-Driven Analysis of Ocean Fronts’ Impact on Acoustic Propagation: Process Understanding and Machine Learning Applications, Focusing on the Kuroshio Extension Front
title_fullStr Data-Driven Analysis of Ocean Fronts’ Impact on Acoustic Propagation: Process Understanding and Machine Learning Applications, Focusing on the Kuroshio Extension Front
title_full_unstemmed Data-Driven Analysis of Ocean Fronts’ Impact on Acoustic Propagation: Process Understanding and Machine Learning Applications, Focusing on the Kuroshio Extension Front
title_short Data-Driven Analysis of Ocean Fronts’ Impact on Acoustic Propagation: Process Understanding and Machine Learning Applications, Focusing on the Kuroshio Extension Front
title_sort data driven analysis of ocean fronts impact on acoustic propagation process understanding and machine learning applications focusing on the kuroshio extension front
topic Kuroshio Extension Front
vertical sound speed structure
acoustic propagation
marine big data
machine learning
Shapley value
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/12/11/2010
work_keys_str_mv AT weishuaixu datadrivenanalysisofoceanfrontsimpactonacousticpropagationprocessunderstandingandmachinelearningapplicationsfocusingonthekuroshioextensionfront
AT leizhang datadrivenanalysisofoceanfrontsimpactonacousticpropagationprocessunderstandingandmachinelearningapplicationsfocusingonthekuroshioextensionfront
AT mingli datadrivenanalysisofoceanfrontsimpactonacousticpropagationprocessunderstandingandmachinelearningapplicationsfocusingonthekuroshioextensionfront
AT xiaodongma datadrivenanalysisofoceanfrontsimpactonacousticpropagationprocessunderstandingandmachinelearningapplicationsfocusingonthekuroshioextensionfront
AT maolinli datadrivenanalysisofoceanfrontsimpactonacousticpropagationprocessunderstandingandmachinelearningapplicationsfocusingonthekuroshioextensionfront