Influence of menopause status on T-helper cell profiles in acute myocardial infarction
Estrogens modulate immune responses, particularly the activation and polarization of CD4+ T cells, which play key roles in cardiovascular homeostasis. This proof-of-concept study investigated the effect of menopausal status on the polarization of T-helper (Th) cells in women with acute myocardial i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Association of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules & Biomedicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/12354 |
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| author | Fernanda Espinosa-Bautista Varna Ramos-Rosillo Yadira V´ázquez-Panchos Fernanda Bocanegra-Zamora Héctor González-Pacheco Mariana Patlán Araceli Páez Felipe Massó Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra |
| author_facet | Fernanda Espinosa-Bautista Varna Ramos-Rosillo Yadira V´ázquez-Panchos Fernanda Bocanegra-Zamora Héctor González-Pacheco Mariana Patlán Araceli Páez Felipe Massó Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra |
| author_sort | Fernanda Espinosa-Bautista |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Estrogens modulate immune responses, particularly the activation and polarization of CD4+ T cells, which play key roles in cardiovascular homeostasis. This proof-of-concept study investigated the effect of menopausal status on the polarization of T-helper (Th) cells in women with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A total of 41 female AMI patients were enrolled—7 premenopausal and 34 postmenopausal—and compared with a group of 17 male AMI patients. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate CD4+ T-cell subsets, including Th1 (T-bet+), Th2 (GATA3+), and Th17 (RORγt+) phenotypes. Serum levels of representative cytokines were also measured. Women exhibited higher numbers of circulating CD4+ T cells compared to men, with a marked shift toward the Th1 phenotype. Postmenopausal women demonstrated increased cardiovascular risk, as indicated by higher QRISK3 and GRACE scores, as well as elevated levels of C-reactive protein and cardiac troponin T compared to premenopausal women. However, menopausal status had minimal impact on Th cell polarization, as no significant differences were observed in the proportions of Th1, Th2, or Th17 subsets between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Similarly, levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were comparable between the two groups. This proof-of-concept study highlights sex-specific differences in immune responses and inflammatory profiles during AMI. Women exhibited a stronger polarization toward the Th1 phenotype, along with elevated markers of inflammation and myocardial injury. Notably, menopausal status did not significantly affect lymphocyte subpopulations or circulating cytokine levels.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-43dd0b85e0064ddb9ed3bf5f9167bb16 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2831-0896 2831-090X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Association of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules & Biomedicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-43dd0b85e0064ddb9ed3bf5f9167bb162025-08-20T03:22:21ZengAssociation of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and HerzegovinaBiomolecules & Biomedicine2831-08962831-090X2025-05-0110.17305/bb.2025.12354Influence of menopause status on T-helper cell profiles in acute myocardial infarctionFernanda Espinosa-Bautista0Varna Ramos-Rosillo1Yadira V´ázquez-Panchos2Fernanda Bocanegra-Zamora3https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4475-6172Héctor González-Pacheco4Mariana Patlán5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6660-7388Araceli Páez6Felipe Massó7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8671-3367Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra8Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, MexicoImmunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, MexicoImmunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, MexicoImmunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, MexicoCoronary Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, MexicoBasic Research Sub directorate, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, MexicoUNAM/INC Translational Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, MexicoUNAM/INC Translational Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, MexicoImmunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico; Health Care Department, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico Estrogens modulate immune responses, particularly the activation and polarization of CD4+ T cells, which play key roles in cardiovascular homeostasis. This proof-of-concept study investigated the effect of menopausal status on the polarization of T-helper (Th) cells in women with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A total of 41 female AMI patients were enrolled—7 premenopausal and 34 postmenopausal—and compared with a group of 17 male AMI patients. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate CD4+ T-cell subsets, including Th1 (T-bet+), Th2 (GATA3+), and Th17 (RORγt+) phenotypes. Serum levels of representative cytokines were also measured. Women exhibited higher numbers of circulating CD4+ T cells compared to men, with a marked shift toward the Th1 phenotype. Postmenopausal women demonstrated increased cardiovascular risk, as indicated by higher QRISK3 and GRACE scores, as well as elevated levels of C-reactive protein and cardiac troponin T compared to premenopausal women. However, menopausal status had minimal impact on Th cell polarization, as no significant differences were observed in the proportions of Th1, Th2, or Th17 subsets between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Similarly, levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were comparable between the two groups. This proof-of-concept study highlights sex-specific differences in immune responses and inflammatory profiles during AMI. Women exhibited a stronger polarization toward the Th1 phenotype, along with elevated markers of inflammation and myocardial injury. Notably, menopausal status did not significantly affect lymphocyte subpopulations or circulating cytokine levels. https://www.bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/12354Myocardial infarctionT-helper cellsmenopause inflammation |
| spellingShingle | Fernanda Espinosa-Bautista Varna Ramos-Rosillo Yadira V´ázquez-Panchos Fernanda Bocanegra-Zamora Héctor González-Pacheco Mariana Patlán Araceli Páez Felipe Massó Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra Influence of menopause status on T-helper cell profiles in acute myocardial infarction Biomolecules & Biomedicine Myocardial infarction T-helper cells menopause inflammation |
| title | Influence of menopause status on T-helper cell profiles in acute myocardial infarction |
| title_full | Influence of menopause status on T-helper cell profiles in acute myocardial infarction |
| title_fullStr | Influence of menopause status on T-helper cell profiles in acute myocardial infarction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of menopause status on T-helper cell profiles in acute myocardial infarction |
| title_short | Influence of menopause status on T-helper cell profiles in acute myocardial infarction |
| title_sort | influence of menopause status on t helper cell profiles in acute myocardial infarction |
| topic | Myocardial infarction T-helper cells menopause inflammation |
| url | https://www.bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/12354 |
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