Enhancing the Out-Coupling Efficiency of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Two-Dimensional Periodic Nanostructures

The out-coupling efficiency of planar organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) is only about 20% due to factors, such as, the total internal reflection, surface plasmon coupling, and metal absorption. Two-dimensional periodic nanostructures, such as, photonic crystals (PhCs) and microlenses arrays offe...

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Main Authors: Qingyang Yue, Wei Li, Fanmin Kong, Kang Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2012-01-01
Series:Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/985762
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author Qingyang Yue
Wei Li
Fanmin Kong
Kang Li
author_facet Qingyang Yue
Wei Li
Fanmin Kong
Kang Li
author_sort Qingyang Yue
collection DOAJ
description The out-coupling efficiency of planar organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) is only about 20% due to factors, such as, the total internal reflection, surface plasmon coupling, and metal absorption. Two-dimensional periodic nanostructures, such as, photonic crystals (PhCs) and microlenses arrays offer a potential method to improve the out-coupling efficiency of OLEDs. In this work, we employed the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to explore different mechanisms that embedded PhCs and surface PhCs to improve the out-coupling efficiency. The effects of several parameters, including the filling factor, the depth, and the lattice constant were investigated. The result showed that embedded PhCs play a key role in improving the out-coupling efficiency, and an enhancement factor of 240% was obtained in OLEDs with embedded PhCs, while the enhancement factor of OLEDs with surface PhCs was only 120%. Furthermore, the phenomena was analyzed using the mode theory and it demonstrated that the overlap between the mode and PhCs was related to the distribution of vertical mode profiles. The enhancement of the extraction efficiency in excess of 290% was observed for the optimized OLEDs structure with double PhCs. This proposed structure could be a very promising candidate for high extraction efficiency OLEDs.
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institution Kabale University
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spelling doaj-art-43d6a26bfee64d71863187f8ef5534f42025-02-03T00:59:12ZengWileyAdvances in Materials Science and Engineering1687-84341687-84422012-01-01201210.1155/2012/985762985762Enhancing the Out-Coupling Efficiency of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Two-Dimensional Periodic NanostructuresQingyang Yue0Wei Li1Fanmin Kong2Kang Li3School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, ChinaThe out-coupling efficiency of planar organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) is only about 20% due to factors, such as, the total internal reflection, surface plasmon coupling, and metal absorption. Two-dimensional periodic nanostructures, such as, photonic crystals (PhCs) and microlenses arrays offer a potential method to improve the out-coupling efficiency of OLEDs. In this work, we employed the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to explore different mechanisms that embedded PhCs and surface PhCs to improve the out-coupling efficiency. The effects of several parameters, including the filling factor, the depth, and the lattice constant were investigated. The result showed that embedded PhCs play a key role in improving the out-coupling efficiency, and an enhancement factor of 240% was obtained in OLEDs with embedded PhCs, while the enhancement factor of OLEDs with surface PhCs was only 120%. Furthermore, the phenomena was analyzed using the mode theory and it demonstrated that the overlap between the mode and PhCs was related to the distribution of vertical mode profiles. The enhancement of the extraction efficiency in excess of 290% was observed for the optimized OLEDs structure with double PhCs. This proposed structure could be a very promising candidate for high extraction efficiency OLEDs.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/985762
spellingShingle Qingyang Yue
Wei Li
Fanmin Kong
Kang Li
Enhancing the Out-Coupling Efficiency of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Two-Dimensional Periodic Nanostructures
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
title Enhancing the Out-Coupling Efficiency of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Two-Dimensional Periodic Nanostructures
title_full Enhancing the Out-Coupling Efficiency of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Two-Dimensional Periodic Nanostructures
title_fullStr Enhancing the Out-Coupling Efficiency of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Two-Dimensional Periodic Nanostructures
title_full_unstemmed Enhancing the Out-Coupling Efficiency of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Two-Dimensional Periodic Nanostructures
title_short Enhancing the Out-Coupling Efficiency of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Two-Dimensional Periodic Nanostructures
title_sort enhancing the out coupling efficiency of organic light emitting diodes using two dimensional periodic nanostructures
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/985762
work_keys_str_mv AT qingyangyue enhancingtheoutcouplingefficiencyoforganiclightemittingdiodesusingtwodimensionalperiodicnanostructures
AT weili enhancingtheoutcouplingefficiencyoforganiclightemittingdiodesusingtwodimensionalperiodicnanostructures
AT fanminkong enhancingtheoutcouplingefficiencyoforganiclightemittingdiodesusingtwodimensionalperiodicnanostructures
AT kangli enhancingtheoutcouplingefficiencyoforganiclightemittingdiodesusingtwodimensionalperiodicnanostructures