The effects of human papillomavirus vaccination in Japan

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prevalent virus responsible for nearly all cervical cancer cases, a major health issue worldwide, including in Japan. With over 12,000 cases of cervical cancer and 4,213 related deaths annually in Japan, effective prevention through vaccination is essential. The 9-val...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Wongyeong Choi, Eunha Shim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21645515.2025.2489301
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850185082091864064
author Wongyeong Choi
Eunha Shim
author_facet Wongyeong Choi
Eunha Shim
author_sort Wongyeong Choi
collection DOAJ
description Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prevalent virus responsible for nearly all cervical cancer cases, a major health issue worldwide, including in Japan. With over 12,000 cases of cervical cancer and 4,213 related deaths annually in Japan, effective prevention through vaccination is essential. The 9-valent HPV (9vHPV) vaccine provides broader protection against high-risk HPV types (HPV-31, -33, -45, -52, -58) compared to the bivalent and quadrivalent (4vHPV) vaccines. This study evaluates the public health impact of both girls-only and gender-neutral vaccination strategies using 9vHPV and 4vHPV vaccines in Japan. A dynamic transmission model, calibrated with Japanese population data, was used to project cervical cancer and genital wart outcomes over 100 years. Vaccination scenarios included no vaccination, girls-only and gender-neutral vaccination with both 4vHPV and 9vHPV vaccines. Results show that switching to the 9vHPV vaccine significantly reduces cervical cancer incidence and mortality compared to 4vHPV, particularly in gender-neutral strategies. The 9vHPV vaccine was projected to prevent an additional 857,549 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3) and 43,799 cervical cancer deaths in a girls-only vaccination strategy compared to the 4vHPV vaccine, over a 100-y period. Gender-neutral vaccination with the 9vHPV further amplifies these benefits, with a faster reduction in HPV-related diseases for both genders. Even under conservative assumptions of 20-y vaccine protection, 9vHPV outperformed 4vHPV in all scenarios. These findings support switching to the 9vHPV vaccine and expanding the National Immunization Program to include boys to achieve long-term HPV control, reduce HPV-related cancers, and improve public health outcomes in Japan.
format Article
id doaj-art-43bf6a2884c8433bb23ededc5d0bc1d5
institution OA Journals
issn 2164-5515
2164-554X
language English
publishDate 2025-12-01
publisher Taylor & Francis Group
record_format Article
series Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
spelling doaj-art-43bf6a2884c8433bb23ededc5d0bc1d52025-08-20T02:16:50ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHuman Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics2164-55152164-554X2025-12-0121110.1080/21645515.2025.2489301The effects of human papillomavirus vaccination in JapanWongyeong Choi0Eunha Shim1Department of Mathematics, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mathematics, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is a prevalent virus responsible for nearly all cervical cancer cases, a major health issue worldwide, including in Japan. With over 12,000 cases of cervical cancer and 4,213 related deaths annually in Japan, effective prevention through vaccination is essential. The 9-valent HPV (9vHPV) vaccine provides broader protection against high-risk HPV types (HPV-31, -33, -45, -52, -58) compared to the bivalent and quadrivalent (4vHPV) vaccines. This study evaluates the public health impact of both girls-only and gender-neutral vaccination strategies using 9vHPV and 4vHPV vaccines in Japan. A dynamic transmission model, calibrated with Japanese population data, was used to project cervical cancer and genital wart outcomes over 100 years. Vaccination scenarios included no vaccination, girls-only and gender-neutral vaccination with both 4vHPV and 9vHPV vaccines. Results show that switching to the 9vHPV vaccine significantly reduces cervical cancer incidence and mortality compared to 4vHPV, particularly in gender-neutral strategies. The 9vHPV vaccine was projected to prevent an additional 857,549 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3) and 43,799 cervical cancer deaths in a girls-only vaccination strategy compared to the 4vHPV vaccine, over a 100-y period. Gender-neutral vaccination with the 9vHPV further amplifies these benefits, with a faster reduction in HPV-related diseases for both genders. Even under conservative assumptions of 20-y vaccine protection, 9vHPV outperformed 4vHPV in all scenarios. These findings support switching to the 9vHPV vaccine and expanding the National Immunization Program to include boys to achieve long-term HPV control, reduce HPV-related cancers, and improve public health outcomes in Japan.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21645515.2025.2489301Human papillomavirus vaccinecervical cancerJapan4vHPV9vHPVNational immunization Program
spellingShingle Wongyeong Choi
Eunha Shim
The effects of human papillomavirus vaccination in Japan
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Human papillomavirus vaccine
cervical cancer
Japan
4vHPV
9vHPV
National immunization Program
title The effects of human papillomavirus vaccination in Japan
title_full The effects of human papillomavirus vaccination in Japan
title_fullStr The effects of human papillomavirus vaccination in Japan
title_full_unstemmed The effects of human papillomavirus vaccination in Japan
title_short The effects of human papillomavirus vaccination in Japan
title_sort effects of human papillomavirus vaccination in japan
topic Human papillomavirus vaccine
cervical cancer
Japan
4vHPV
9vHPV
National immunization Program
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21645515.2025.2489301
work_keys_str_mv AT wongyeongchoi theeffectsofhumanpapillomavirusvaccinationinjapan
AT eunhashim theeffectsofhumanpapillomavirusvaccinationinjapan
AT wongyeongchoi effectsofhumanpapillomavirusvaccinationinjapan
AT eunhashim effectsofhumanpapillomavirusvaccinationinjapan