In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption
<b>Background/Objectives:</b> The oral cavity represents a convenient route of administration for drugs that exhibit significant hepatic first-pass extraction. In this study, the mucosal permeation properties of selected active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) incorporated into oral cav...
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2025-07-01
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| author | Pankaj Dwivedi Priyata Kalra Haiying Zhou Khondoker Alam Eleftheria Tsakalozou Manar Al-Ghabeish Megan Kelchen Giovanni M. Pauletti |
| author_facet | Pankaj Dwivedi Priyata Kalra Haiying Zhou Khondoker Alam Eleftheria Tsakalozou Manar Al-Ghabeish Megan Kelchen Giovanni M. Pauletti |
| author_sort | Pankaj Dwivedi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background/Objectives:</b> The oral cavity represents a convenient route of administration for drugs that exhibit significant hepatic first-pass extraction. In this study, the mucosal permeation properties of selected active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) incorporated into oral cavity drug products that are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration were quantified using the human-derived sublingual HO-1-u-1 and buccal EpiOral™ in vitro tissue models. <b>Methods</b>: Epithelial barrier properties were monitored using propranolol and Lucifer Yellow as prototypic transcellular and paracellular markers. APIs were dissolved in artificial saliva, pH 6.7, and transepithelial flux from the apical to the basolateral compartment was quantified using HPLC. <b>Results</b>: Apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) calculated for these APIs in the sublingual HO-1-u-1 tissue model varied from Papp = 2.72 ± 0.06 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm/s for asenapine to Papp = 6.21 ± 2.60 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm/s for naloxone. In contrast, the buccal EpiOral™ tissue model demonstrated greater discrimination power in terms of permeation properties for the same APIs, with values ranging from Papp = 3.31 ± 0.83 × 10<sup>−7</sup> cm/s for acyclovir to Papp = 2.56 ± 0.68 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm/s for sufentanil. The tissue-associated dose fraction recovered at the end of the transport experiment was significantly increased in the buccal EpiOral™ tissue model, reaching up to 8.5% for sufentanil. <b>Conclusions</b>: Experimental permeation data collected for selected APIs in FDA-approved oral cavity products will serve as a training set to aid the development of predictive computational models for improving algorithms that describe drug absorption from the oral cavity. Following a robust in vitro–in vivo correlation analysis, it is expected that such innovative in silico modeling strategies will the accelerate development of generic oral cavity products by facilitating the utility of model-integrated evidence to support decision making in generic drug development and regulatory approval. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-43a5b06ec4194e5281865fe72de4c9bc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
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| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj-art-43a5b06ec4194e5281865fe72de4c9bc2025-08-20T03:32:15ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232025-07-0117792410.3390/pharmaceutics17070924In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug AbsorptionPankaj Dwivedi0Priyata Kalra1Haiying Zhou2Khondoker Alam3Eleftheria Tsakalozou4Manar Al-Ghabeish5Megan Kelchen6Giovanni M. Pauletti7Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USASimulations Plus, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USASimulations Plus, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USAOffice of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USAOffice of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USAOffice of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USAOffice of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA<b>Background/Objectives:</b> The oral cavity represents a convenient route of administration for drugs that exhibit significant hepatic first-pass extraction. In this study, the mucosal permeation properties of selected active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) incorporated into oral cavity drug products that are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration were quantified using the human-derived sublingual HO-1-u-1 and buccal EpiOral™ in vitro tissue models. <b>Methods</b>: Epithelial barrier properties were monitored using propranolol and Lucifer Yellow as prototypic transcellular and paracellular markers. APIs were dissolved in artificial saliva, pH 6.7, and transepithelial flux from the apical to the basolateral compartment was quantified using HPLC. <b>Results</b>: Apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) calculated for these APIs in the sublingual HO-1-u-1 tissue model varied from Papp = 2.72 ± 0.06 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm/s for asenapine to Papp = 6.21 ± 2.60 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm/s for naloxone. In contrast, the buccal EpiOral™ tissue model demonstrated greater discrimination power in terms of permeation properties for the same APIs, with values ranging from Papp = 3.31 ± 0.83 × 10<sup>−7</sup> cm/s for acyclovir to Papp = 2.56 ± 0.68 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm/s for sufentanil. The tissue-associated dose fraction recovered at the end of the transport experiment was significantly increased in the buccal EpiOral™ tissue model, reaching up to 8.5% for sufentanil. <b>Conclusions</b>: Experimental permeation data collected for selected APIs in FDA-approved oral cavity products will serve as a training set to aid the development of predictive computational models for improving algorithms that describe drug absorption from the oral cavity. Following a robust in vitro–in vivo correlation analysis, it is expected that such innovative in silico modeling strategies will the accelerate development of generic oral cavity products by facilitating the utility of model-integrated evidence to support decision making in generic drug development and regulatory approval.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/7/924Oral cavity drug deliverysublingualbuccalgeneric drug development |
| spellingShingle | Pankaj Dwivedi Priyata Kalra Haiying Zhou Khondoker Alam Eleftheria Tsakalozou Manar Al-Ghabeish Megan Kelchen Giovanni M. Pauletti In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption Pharmaceutics Oral cavity drug delivery sublingual buccal generic drug development |
| title | In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption |
| title_full | In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption |
| title_short | In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption |
| title_sort | in vitro oral cavity permeability assessment to enable simulation of drug absorption |
| topic | Oral cavity drug delivery sublingual buccal generic drug development |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/7/924 |
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