In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption

<b>Background/Objectives:</b> The oral cavity represents a convenient route of administration for drugs that exhibit significant hepatic first-pass extraction. In this study, the mucosal permeation properties of selected active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) incorporated into oral cav...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Pankaj Dwivedi, Priyata Kalra, Haiying Zhou, Khondoker Alam, Eleftheria Tsakalozou, Manar Al-Ghabeish, Megan Kelchen, Giovanni M. Pauletti
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Pharmaceutics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/7/924
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849419116164677632
author Pankaj Dwivedi
Priyata Kalra
Haiying Zhou
Khondoker Alam
Eleftheria Tsakalozou
Manar Al-Ghabeish
Megan Kelchen
Giovanni M. Pauletti
author_facet Pankaj Dwivedi
Priyata Kalra
Haiying Zhou
Khondoker Alam
Eleftheria Tsakalozou
Manar Al-Ghabeish
Megan Kelchen
Giovanni M. Pauletti
author_sort Pankaj Dwivedi
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background/Objectives:</b> The oral cavity represents a convenient route of administration for drugs that exhibit significant hepatic first-pass extraction. In this study, the mucosal permeation properties of selected active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) incorporated into oral cavity drug products that are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration were quantified using the human-derived sublingual HO-1-u-1 and buccal EpiOral™ in vitro tissue models. <b>Methods</b>: Epithelial barrier properties were monitored using propranolol and Lucifer Yellow as prototypic transcellular and paracellular markers. APIs were dissolved in artificial saliva, pH 6.7, and transepithelial flux from the apical to the basolateral compartment was quantified using HPLC. <b>Results</b>: Apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) calculated for these APIs in the sublingual HO-1-u-1 tissue model varied from Papp = 2.72 ± 0.06 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm/s for asenapine to Papp = 6.21 ± 2.60 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm/s for naloxone. In contrast, the buccal EpiOral™ tissue model demonstrated greater discrimination power in terms of permeation properties for the same APIs, with values ranging from Papp = 3.31 ± 0.83 × 10<sup>−7</sup> cm/s for acyclovir to Papp = 2.56 ± 0.68 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm/s for sufentanil. The tissue-associated dose fraction recovered at the end of the transport experiment was significantly increased in the buccal EpiOral™ tissue model, reaching up to 8.5% for sufentanil. <b>Conclusions</b>: Experimental permeation data collected for selected APIs in FDA-approved oral cavity products will serve as a training set to aid the development of predictive computational models for improving algorithms that describe drug absorption from the oral cavity. Following a robust in vitro–in vivo correlation analysis, it is expected that such innovative in silico modeling strategies will the accelerate development of generic oral cavity products by facilitating the utility of model-integrated evidence to support decision making in generic drug development and regulatory approval.
format Article
id doaj-art-43a5b06ec4194e5281865fe72de4c9bc
institution Kabale University
issn 1999-4923
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Pharmaceutics
spelling doaj-art-43a5b06ec4194e5281865fe72de4c9bc2025-08-20T03:32:15ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232025-07-0117792410.3390/pharmaceutics17070924In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug AbsorptionPankaj Dwivedi0Priyata Kalra1Haiying Zhou2Khondoker Alam3Eleftheria Tsakalozou4Manar Al-Ghabeish5Megan Kelchen6Giovanni M. Pauletti7Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USASimulations Plus, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USASimulations Plus, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USAOffice of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USAOffice of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USAOffice of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USAOffice of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA<b>Background/Objectives:</b> The oral cavity represents a convenient route of administration for drugs that exhibit significant hepatic first-pass extraction. In this study, the mucosal permeation properties of selected active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) incorporated into oral cavity drug products that are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration were quantified using the human-derived sublingual HO-1-u-1 and buccal EpiOral™ in vitro tissue models. <b>Methods</b>: Epithelial barrier properties were monitored using propranolol and Lucifer Yellow as prototypic transcellular and paracellular markers. APIs were dissolved in artificial saliva, pH 6.7, and transepithelial flux from the apical to the basolateral compartment was quantified using HPLC. <b>Results</b>: Apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) calculated for these APIs in the sublingual HO-1-u-1 tissue model varied from Papp = 2.72 ± 0.06 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm/s for asenapine to Papp = 6.21 ± 2.60 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm/s for naloxone. In contrast, the buccal EpiOral™ tissue model demonstrated greater discrimination power in terms of permeation properties for the same APIs, with values ranging from Papp = 3.31 ± 0.83 × 10<sup>−7</sup> cm/s for acyclovir to Papp = 2.56 ± 0.68 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm/s for sufentanil. The tissue-associated dose fraction recovered at the end of the transport experiment was significantly increased in the buccal EpiOral™ tissue model, reaching up to 8.5% for sufentanil. <b>Conclusions</b>: Experimental permeation data collected for selected APIs in FDA-approved oral cavity products will serve as a training set to aid the development of predictive computational models for improving algorithms that describe drug absorption from the oral cavity. Following a robust in vitro–in vivo correlation analysis, it is expected that such innovative in silico modeling strategies will the accelerate development of generic oral cavity products by facilitating the utility of model-integrated evidence to support decision making in generic drug development and regulatory approval.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/7/924Oral cavity drug deliverysublingualbuccalgeneric drug development
spellingShingle Pankaj Dwivedi
Priyata Kalra
Haiying Zhou
Khondoker Alam
Eleftheria Tsakalozou
Manar Al-Ghabeish
Megan Kelchen
Giovanni M. Pauletti
In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption
Pharmaceutics
Oral cavity drug delivery
sublingual
buccal
generic drug development
title In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption
title_full In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption
title_fullStr In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption
title_full_unstemmed In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption
title_short In Vitro Oral Cavity Permeability Assessment to Enable Simulation of Drug Absorption
title_sort in vitro oral cavity permeability assessment to enable simulation of drug absorption
topic Oral cavity drug delivery
sublingual
buccal
generic drug development
url https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/7/924
work_keys_str_mv AT pankajdwivedi invitrooralcavitypermeabilityassessmenttoenablesimulationofdrugabsorption
AT priyatakalra invitrooralcavitypermeabilityassessmenttoenablesimulationofdrugabsorption
AT haiyingzhou invitrooralcavitypermeabilityassessmenttoenablesimulationofdrugabsorption
AT khondokeralam invitrooralcavitypermeabilityassessmenttoenablesimulationofdrugabsorption
AT eleftheriatsakalozou invitrooralcavitypermeabilityassessmenttoenablesimulationofdrugabsorption
AT manaralghabeish invitrooralcavitypermeabilityassessmenttoenablesimulationofdrugabsorption
AT megankelchen invitrooralcavitypermeabilityassessmenttoenablesimulationofdrugabsorption
AT giovannimpauletti invitrooralcavitypermeabilityassessmenttoenablesimulationofdrugabsorption