Analysis of Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Different Parts of <i>Alpinia uraiensis</i> Hayata

This study investigates the chemical composition and antioxidant and antifungal activities of essential oils (EOs) extracted from different parts of <i>Alpinia uraiensis</i> Hayata, an endemic species of Taiwan. EOs were obtained from flowers, leaves, stems, roots, and rhizomes using hyd...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ying-Ju Chen, Fen-Hui Chen, Tse-Yen Liu, Yao-Moan Huang, Yi-Chiann Chen, Fu-Lan Hsu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Molecules
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/7/1515
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849769267787988992
author Ying-Ju Chen
Fen-Hui Chen
Tse-Yen Liu
Yao-Moan Huang
Yi-Chiann Chen
Fu-Lan Hsu
author_facet Ying-Ju Chen
Fen-Hui Chen
Tse-Yen Liu
Yao-Moan Huang
Yi-Chiann Chen
Fu-Lan Hsu
author_sort Ying-Ju Chen
collection DOAJ
description This study investigates the chemical composition and antioxidant and antifungal activities of essential oils (EOs) extracted from different parts of <i>Alpinia uraiensis</i> Hayata, an endemic species of Taiwan. EOs were obtained from flowers, leaves, stems, roots, and rhizomes using hydrodistillation, and their compositions were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes were predominant, with flower and leaf EOs rich in γ-terpinene, terpinen-4-ol, and 1,8-cineole, while root EO was characterized by fenchyl acetate (72.2%). Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH assay, where the flower EO exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity (99.5% at 100 mg/mL), followed by rhizome and stem EOs, while root EO showed moderate activity. Antifungal activity against <i>Phellinus noxius</i>, a major wood-decaying pathogen, was assessed using the agar dilution method. Root EO exhibited the strongest antifungal effect, achieving complete inhibition at 400 and 800 μg/mL, while other EOs showed weaker activity. These findings suggest that <i>A. uraiensis</i> EOs possess potential antioxidant and antifungal properties, particularly the root EO, which may serve as a natural antifungal agent. Further studies are needed to elucidate the key bioactive compounds and their mechanisms for potential pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
format Article
id doaj-art-43938b2ab0604fa1b7cd20f5f7a91d3b
institution DOAJ
issn 1420-3049
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Molecules
spelling doaj-art-43938b2ab0604fa1b7cd20f5f7a91d3b2025-08-20T03:03:28ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-03-01307151510.3390/molecules30071515Analysis of Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Different Parts of <i>Alpinia uraiensis</i> HayataYing-Ju Chen0Fen-Hui Chen1Tse-Yen Liu2Yao-Moan Huang3Yi-Chiann Chen4Fu-Lan Hsu5Forest Products Utilization Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taipei 100051, TaiwanSilviculture Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taipei 100051, TaiwanForest Protection Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taipei 100051, TaiwanForest Ecology Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taipei 100051, TaiwanSilviculture Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taipei 100051, TaiwanForest Products Utilization Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taipei 100051, TaiwanThis study investigates the chemical composition and antioxidant and antifungal activities of essential oils (EOs) extracted from different parts of <i>Alpinia uraiensis</i> Hayata, an endemic species of Taiwan. EOs were obtained from flowers, leaves, stems, roots, and rhizomes using hydrodistillation, and their compositions were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes were predominant, with flower and leaf EOs rich in γ-terpinene, terpinen-4-ol, and 1,8-cineole, while root EO was characterized by fenchyl acetate (72.2%). Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH assay, where the flower EO exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity (99.5% at 100 mg/mL), followed by rhizome and stem EOs, while root EO showed moderate activity. Antifungal activity against <i>Phellinus noxius</i>, a major wood-decaying pathogen, was assessed using the agar dilution method. Root EO exhibited the strongest antifungal effect, achieving complete inhibition at 400 and 800 μg/mL, while other EOs showed weaker activity. These findings suggest that <i>A. uraiensis</i> EOs possess potential antioxidant and antifungal properties, particularly the root EO, which may serve as a natural antifungal agent. Further studies are needed to elucidate the key bioactive compounds and their mechanisms for potential pharmaceutical and industrial applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/7/1515<i>Alpinia uraiensis</i>Zingiberaceaeessential oilhydrodistillationleafflower
spellingShingle Ying-Ju Chen
Fen-Hui Chen
Tse-Yen Liu
Yao-Moan Huang
Yi-Chiann Chen
Fu-Lan Hsu
Analysis of Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Different Parts of <i>Alpinia uraiensis</i> Hayata
Molecules
<i>Alpinia uraiensis</i>
Zingiberaceae
essential oil
hydrodistillation
leaf
flower
title Analysis of Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Different Parts of <i>Alpinia uraiensis</i> Hayata
title_full Analysis of Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Different Parts of <i>Alpinia uraiensis</i> Hayata
title_fullStr Analysis of Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Different Parts of <i>Alpinia uraiensis</i> Hayata
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Different Parts of <i>Alpinia uraiensis</i> Hayata
title_short Analysis of Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Different Parts of <i>Alpinia uraiensis</i> Hayata
title_sort analysis of chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils from different parts of i alpinia uraiensis i hayata
topic <i>Alpinia uraiensis</i>
Zingiberaceae
essential oil
hydrodistillation
leaf
flower
url https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/7/1515
work_keys_str_mv AT yingjuchen analysisofchemicalcompositionandbiologicalactivitiesofessentialoilsfromdifferentpartsofialpiniauraiensisihayata
AT fenhuichen analysisofchemicalcompositionandbiologicalactivitiesofessentialoilsfromdifferentpartsofialpiniauraiensisihayata
AT tseyenliu analysisofchemicalcompositionandbiologicalactivitiesofessentialoilsfromdifferentpartsofialpiniauraiensisihayata
AT yaomoanhuang analysisofchemicalcompositionandbiologicalactivitiesofessentialoilsfromdifferentpartsofialpiniauraiensisihayata
AT yichiannchen analysisofchemicalcompositionandbiologicalactivitiesofessentialoilsfromdifferentpartsofialpiniauraiensisihayata
AT fulanhsu analysisofchemicalcompositionandbiologicalactivitiesofessentialoilsfromdifferentpartsofialpiniauraiensisihayata