Hypoxia-Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Modulate Protein Kinase A and VEGFR Expression in Ultraviolet B-Induced Hyperpigmentation in Mice

Hypoxia-Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Modulate Protein Kinase A and VEGFR Expression in Ultraviolet B-Induced Hyperpigmentation in Mice

Background: Hyperpigmentation is often exacerbated by ultraviolet-B (UVB) exposure through oxidative stress and activation of pathways like mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR). Current treatments carry risks and necessitate safer alternativ...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sheila Jessica Andavania, Mas Rizky Syamsunarno, Agung Putra, Eko Setiawan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute 2025-07-01
Series:MCBS (Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences)
Online Access:https://cellbiopharm.com/ojs/index.php/MCBS/article/view/594
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