Does low body weight mediate the relationship between tooth loss and cognitive impairment? A longitudinal cohort study of an older Chinese population
Abstract Objective Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between the number of teeth remaining and cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults, and to explore the role of low body weight in this association. Methods Data were drawn from 2011 to 2014 surveys of the Chinese Longitudinal...
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BMC
2025-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Geriatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-05750-x |
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| author | Pan Ke Zuxun Lu Wenqing Ni Yan Zhang Hongmin Zhang Yijin Zheng Xueli Yuan Jian Xu Xiaoxv Yin Zhiguang Zhao |
| author_facet | Pan Ke Zuxun Lu Wenqing Ni Yan Zhang Hongmin Zhang Yijin Zheng Xueli Yuan Jian Xu Xiaoxv Yin Zhiguang Zhao |
| author_sort | Pan Ke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between the number of teeth remaining and cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults, and to explore the role of low body weight in this association. Methods Data were drawn from 2011 to 2014 surveys of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), involving 4056 respondents who had no cognitive decline and aged ≥ 65 years at baseline. Cognitive function was measured by the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), and the cognitive impairment was classified according to the length of education. Number of natural teeth was self-reported (classified as ≥ 20, 10–19, 1–9, and 0). Low body weight was defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of less than 18.5 kg/m2. Cox proportional hazards regression and mediation effect analyses were applied in the study. Results Comparing with participants with ≥ 20 teeth, 10–19 teeth and 1–9 teeth, those with 0 teeth (HR:2.14, 95% CI: 1.51, 3.03) were significantly associated with higher cognitive impairment risk in the fully adjusted model. Compared with denture users, the fully adjusted HR (95% CI) for non-denture users was 1.33 (1.04, 1.70). no teeth with non-denture users had the highest cognitive impairment risk (HR:1.63, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.41). Low body weight mediated 6.74% (ranging from 3.49 to 11%) of the association between the number of teeth remaining and cognitive impairment. Conclusion Tooth loss increases the risk of cognitive decline, and low body weight partially mediates this association. Clinical trial number This is a retrospective cohort study targeting a population survey, which does not involve clinical trials and does not have clinical trial numbers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4361a6ee95d94df4a8375e87e0003ba0 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1471-2318 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Geriatrics |
| spelling | doaj-art-4361a6ee95d94df4a8375e87e0003ba02025-08-20T02:15:01ZengBMCBMC Geriatrics1471-23182025-02-012511910.1186/s12877-025-05750-xDoes low body weight mediate the relationship between tooth loss and cognitive impairment? A longitudinal cohort study of an older Chinese populationPan Ke0Zuxun Lu1Wenqing Ni2Yan Zhang3Hongmin Zhang4Yijin Zheng5Xueli Yuan6Jian Xu7Xiaoxv Yin8Zhiguang Zhao9Cardio-Cerebrovascular & Diabetes Prevention, and Control Dept., Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease ControlDepartment of Social Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Elderly Health Management, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease ControlDepartment of Elderly Health Management, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease ControlDepartment of Elderly Health Management, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease ControlDepartment of Elderly Health Management, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease ControlDepartment of Elderly Health Management, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease ControlDepartment of Elderly Health Management, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease ControlDepartment of Social Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyCardio-Cerebrovascular & Diabetes Prevention, and Control Dept., Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease ControlAbstract Objective Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between the number of teeth remaining and cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults, and to explore the role of low body weight in this association. Methods Data were drawn from 2011 to 2014 surveys of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), involving 4056 respondents who had no cognitive decline and aged ≥ 65 years at baseline. Cognitive function was measured by the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), and the cognitive impairment was classified according to the length of education. Number of natural teeth was self-reported (classified as ≥ 20, 10–19, 1–9, and 0). Low body weight was defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of less than 18.5 kg/m2. Cox proportional hazards regression and mediation effect analyses were applied in the study. Results Comparing with participants with ≥ 20 teeth, 10–19 teeth and 1–9 teeth, those with 0 teeth (HR:2.14, 95% CI: 1.51, 3.03) were significantly associated with higher cognitive impairment risk in the fully adjusted model. Compared with denture users, the fully adjusted HR (95% CI) for non-denture users was 1.33 (1.04, 1.70). no teeth with non-denture users had the highest cognitive impairment risk (HR:1.63, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.41). Low body weight mediated 6.74% (ranging from 3.49 to 11%) of the association between the number of teeth remaining and cognitive impairment. Conclusion Tooth loss increases the risk of cognitive decline, and low body weight partially mediates this association. Clinical trial number This is a retrospective cohort study targeting a population survey, which does not involve clinical trials and does not have clinical trial numbers.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-05750-xCognitive impairmentTooth lossDenture useLow body weightOlder adults |
| spellingShingle | Pan Ke Zuxun Lu Wenqing Ni Yan Zhang Hongmin Zhang Yijin Zheng Xueli Yuan Jian Xu Xiaoxv Yin Zhiguang Zhao Does low body weight mediate the relationship between tooth loss and cognitive impairment? A longitudinal cohort study of an older Chinese population BMC Geriatrics Cognitive impairment Tooth loss Denture use Low body weight Older adults |
| title | Does low body weight mediate the relationship between tooth loss and cognitive impairment? A longitudinal cohort study of an older Chinese population |
| title_full | Does low body weight mediate the relationship between tooth loss and cognitive impairment? A longitudinal cohort study of an older Chinese population |
| title_fullStr | Does low body weight mediate the relationship between tooth loss and cognitive impairment? A longitudinal cohort study of an older Chinese population |
| title_full_unstemmed | Does low body weight mediate the relationship between tooth loss and cognitive impairment? A longitudinal cohort study of an older Chinese population |
| title_short | Does low body weight mediate the relationship between tooth loss and cognitive impairment? A longitudinal cohort study of an older Chinese population |
| title_sort | does low body weight mediate the relationship between tooth loss and cognitive impairment a longitudinal cohort study of an older chinese population |
| topic | Cognitive impairment Tooth loss Denture use Low body weight Older adults |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-05750-x |
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