New Insights into the Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Management of Antenatal Hydronephrosis, Aiming to Refine Treatment Protocols: A Clinical Study

Background: Antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH) is a common prenatal finding that requires careful evaluation to determine appropriate management strategies. The variability in outcomes underscores the need for refined diagnostic and monitoring protocols to differentiate between cases necessitating inter...

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Main Authors: Rana P. Singh, Shyam S. Sahu, Abhishek Kumar Singh, Rajiv Ranjan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2024-08-01
Series:Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_412_24
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author Rana P. Singh
Shyam S. Sahu
Abhishek Kumar Singh
Rajiv Ranjan
author_facet Rana P. Singh
Shyam S. Sahu
Abhishek Kumar Singh
Rajiv Ranjan
author_sort Rana P. Singh
collection DOAJ
description Background: Antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH) is a common prenatal finding that requires careful evaluation to determine appropriate management strategies. The variability in outcomes underscores the need for refined diagnostic and monitoring protocols to differentiate between cases necessitating intervention and those likely to resolve spontaneously. Materials and Methods: A prospective clinical study was conducted involving 150 pregnant women diagnosed with ANH between gestational weeks 18 to 24. Prenatal ultrasounds were performed at regular intervals to monitor renal pelvic dilatation. Postnatal evaluations included renal ultrasound, voiding cystourethrography, and nuclear renal scans to assess renal function and identify associated anomalies. Management decisions were based on standardized criteria including degree of hydronephrosis, presence of associated anomalies, and renal function. Results: Of the 150 cases, 80 (53.3%) resolved spontaneously during the prenatal period, while 70 (46.7%) required postnatal intervention. Among the intervention group, 45 cases (64.3%) required surgical correction for persistent hydronephrosis or associated anomalies, while the remaining 25 cases (35.7%) were managed conservatively with close monitoring. Arbitrarily, the mean anteroposterior renal pelvic diameter (APRPD) in the resolved group was 5.2 mm, compared to 10.6 mm in the intervention group. The median postnatal follow-up duration was 24 months. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of systematic evaluation and monitoring in managing ANH. While a significant proportion of cases resolve spontaneously, a careful assessment of associated anomalies and renal function is crucial in identifying cases requiring intervention. The arbitrary APRPD values presented underscore the potential for establishing diagnostic thresholds to guide clinical decision-making. Refinement of treatment protocols based on such parameters can improve outcomes and reduce unnecessary interventions in infants with ANH.
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spelling doaj-art-434c7c7a11274c198ece62dc99536bd22025-08-20T01:48:07ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences0976-48790975-74062024-08-0116Suppl 3S2848S285010.4103/jpbs.jpbs_412_24New Insights into the Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Management of Antenatal Hydronephrosis, Aiming to Refine Treatment Protocols: A Clinical StudyRana P. SinghShyam S. SahuAbhishek Kumar SinghRajiv RanjanBackground: Antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH) is a common prenatal finding that requires careful evaluation to determine appropriate management strategies. The variability in outcomes underscores the need for refined diagnostic and monitoring protocols to differentiate between cases necessitating intervention and those likely to resolve spontaneously. Materials and Methods: A prospective clinical study was conducted involving 150 pregnant women diagnosed with ANH between gestational weeks 18 to 24. Prenatal ultrasounds were performed at regular intervals to monitor renal pelvic dilatation. Postnatal evaluations included renal ultrasound, voiding cystourethrography, and nuclear renal scans to assess renal function and identify associated anomalies. Management decisions were based on standardized criteria including degree of hydronephrosis, presence of associated anomalies, and renal function. Results: Of the 150 cases, 80 (53.3%) resolved spontaneously during the prenatal period, while 70 (46.7%) required postnatal intervention. Among the intervention group, 45 cases (64.3%) required surgical correction for persistent hydronephrosis or associated anomalies, while the remaining 25 cases (35.7%) were managed conservatively with close monitoring. Arbitrarily, the mean anteroposterior renal pelvic diameter (APRPD) in the resolved group was 5.2 mm, compared to 10.6 mm in the intervention group. The median postnatal follow-up duration was 24 months. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of systematic evaluation and monitoring in managing ANH. While a significant proportion of cases resolve spontaneously, a careful assessment of associated anomalies and renal function is crucial in identifying cases requiring intervention. The arbitrary APRPD values presented underscore the potential for establishing diagnostic thresholds to guide clinical decision-making. Refinement of treatment protocols based on such parameters can improve outcomes and reduce unnecessary interventions in infants with ANH.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_412_24antenatal hydronephrosisinterventionpostnatal evaluationprenatal ultrasoundrenal functionspontaneous resolution
spellingShingle Rana P. Singh
Shyam S. Sahu
Abhishek Kumar Singh
Rajiv Ranjan
New Insights into the Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Management of Antenatal Hydronephrosis, Aiming to Refine Treatment Protocols: A Clinical Study
Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences
antenatal hydronephrosis
intervention
postnatal evaluation
prenatal ultrasound
renal function
spontaneous resolution
title New Insights into the Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Management of Antenatal Hydronephrosis, Aiming to Refine Treatment Protocols: A Clinical Study
title_full New Insights into the Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Management of Antenatal Hydronephrosis, Aiming to Refine Treatment Protocols: A Clinical Study
title_fullStr New Insights into the Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Management of Antenatal Hydronephrosis, Aiming to Refine Treatment Protocols: A Clinical Study
title_full_unstemmed New Insights into the Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Management of Antenatal Hydronephrosis, Aiming to Refine Treatment Protocols: A Clinical Study
title_short New Insights into the Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Management of Antenatal Hydronephrosis, Aiming to Refine Treatment Protocols: A Clinical Study
title_sort new insights into the diagnosis monitoring and management of antenatal hydronephrosis aiming to refine treatment protocols a clinical study
topic antenatal hydronephrosis
intervention
postnatal evaluation
prenatal ultrasound
renal function
spontaneous resolution
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_412_24
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