Overview of Novel Antipsychotic Drugs: State of the Art, New Mechanisms, and Clinical Aspects of Promising Compounds
Antipsychotic medications are a vast class of drugs used for the treatment of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. Although numerous compounds have been developed since their introduction in the 1950s, several patients do not adequately respond to current treatments, or they develop adverse re...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Letizia Biso Marco Carli Marco Scarselli Biancamaria Longoni |
| author_facet | Letizia Biso Marco Carli Marco Scarselli Biancamaria Longoni |
| author_sort | Letizia Biso |
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| description | Antipsychotic medications are a vast class of drugs used for the treatment of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. Although numerous compounds have been developed since their introduction in the 1950s, several patients do not adequately respond to current treatments, or they develop adverse reactions that cause treatment discontinuation. Moreover, in the past few decades, discoveries in the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders have opened the way for experimenting with novel compounds that have alternative mechanisms of action, with some of them showing promising results in early trials. The scope of this review was to summarize the novel antipsychotics developed, their current experimental status, and their mechanisms of action. In particular, we analyzed the main classes of investigational antipsychotics, such as monoamine, glutamate, acetylcholine, cannabinoid receptor modulators, enzyme inhibitors, ion channel modulators, and mixed receptor modulators. In addition, the safety profiles and adverse effects of these drugs were carefully evaluated, considering the relevance of these aspects for patients’ drug adherence and quality of life, especially in the long-term treatment. Lastly, we tried to understand which compounds have greater potential to be approved by the principal drug regulatory agencies in the next years and if they could be used for diseases other than psychotic disorders. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-43447b5a34074ef4975940833b5a18ea |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-43447b5a34074ef4975940833b5a18ea2025-01-24T13:23:57ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-01-011318510.3390/biomedicines13010085Overview of Novel Antipsychotic Drugs: State of the Art, New Mechanisms, and Clinical Aspects of Promising CompoundsLetizia Biso0Marco Carli1Marco Scarselli2Biancamaria Longoni3Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, ItalyAntipsychotic medications are a vast class of drugs used for the treatment of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. Although numerous compounds have been developed since their introduction in the 1950s, several patients do not adequately respond to current treatments, or they develop adverse reactions that cause treatment discontinuation. Moreover, in the past few decades, discoveries in the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders have opened the way for experimenting with novel compounds that have alternative mechanisms of action, with some of them showing promising results in early trials. The scope of this review was to summarize the novel antipsychotics developed, their current experimental status, and their mechanisms of action. In particular, we analyzed the main classes of investigational antipsychotics, such as monoamine, glutamate, acetylcholine, cannabinoid receptor modulators, enzyme inhibitors, ion channel modulators, and mixed receptor modulators. In addition, the safety profiles and adverse effects of these drugs were carefully evaluated, considering the relevance of these aspects for patients’ drug adherence and quality of life, especially in the long-term treatment. Lastly, we tried to understand which compounds have greater potential to be approved by the principal drug regulatory agencies in the next years and if they could be used for diseases other than psychotic disorders.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/85novel antipsychoticsschizophreniaclinical trials |
| spellingShingle | Letizia Biso Marco Carli Marco Scarselli Biancamaria Longoni Overview of Novel Antipsychotic Drugs: State of the Art, New Mechanisms, and Clinical Aspects of Promising Compounds Biomedicines novel antipsychotics schizophrenia clinical trials |
| title | Overview of Novel Antipsychotic Drugs: State of the Art, New Mechanisms, and Clinical Aspects of Promising Compounds |
| title_full | Overview of Novel Antipsychotic Drugs: State of the Art, New Mechanisms, and Clinical Aspects of Promising Compounds |
| title_fullStr | Overview of Novel Antipsychotic Drugs: State of the Art, New Mechanisms, and Clinical Aspects of Promising Compounds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Overview of Novel Antipsychotic Drugs: State of the Art, New Mechanisms, and Clinical Aspects of Promising Compounds |
| title_short | Overview of Novel Antipsychotic Drugs: State of the Art, New Mechanisms, and Clinical Aspects of Promising Compounds |
| title_sort | overview of novel antipsychotic drugs state of the art new mechanisms and clinical aspects of promising compounds |
| topic | novel antipsychotics schizophrenia clinical trials |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/85 |
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