The Role of Antioxidant Compounds from Citrus Waste in Modulating Neuroinflammation: A Sustainable Solution
In normal conditions, neuroinflammation induces microglia and astrocyte activation to maintain brain homeostasis. However, excessive or prolonged neuroinflammation can inflict harmful damage on brain tissue. Numerous factors can trigger chronic neuroinflammation, ultimately leading to neurodegenerat...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-05-01
|
| Series: | Antioxidants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/5/581 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849711371705384960 |
|---|---|
| author | Alessia Silla Angela Punzo Cristiana Caliceti Maria Cristina Barbalace Silvana Hrelia Marco Malaguti |
| author_facet | Alessia Silla Angela Punzo Cristiana Caliceti Maria Cristina Barbalace Silvana Hrelia Marco Malaguti |
| author_sort | Alessia Silla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In normal conditions, neuroinflammation induces microglia and astrocyte activation to maintain brain homeostasis. However, excessive or prolonged neuroinflammation can inflict harmful damage on brain tissue. Numerous factors can trigger chronic neuroinflammation, ultimately leading to neurodegeneration. In this context, considering the pressing need for novel, natural approaches to mitigate neuroinflammatory damage, attention has turned to unconventional sources such as agricultural by-products. Citrus fruits are widely consumed globally, producing substantial waste, including peels, seeds, and pulp. Traditionally regarded as agricultural waste, these by-products are now recognized as valuable reservoirs of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, carotenoids, terpenoids, and limonoids. Among these, citrus polyphenols—particularly flavanones like hesperidin, naringenin, and eriocitrin—have emerged as potent modulators of neuroinflammatory pathways through their multifaceted interactions with cellular antioxidant systems, pro-inflammatory signaling cascades, neurovascular integrity, and gut–brain axis dynamics. This review aims to characterize the key molecules present in citrus waste and synthesizes preclinical and clinical evidence to elucidate the biochemical mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4339c0a0ccee46e8a5bdb27b21726c5c |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj-art-4339c0a0ccee46e8a5bdb27b21726c5c2025-08-20T03:14:39ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212025-05-0114558110.3390/antiox14050581The Role of Antioxidant Compounds from Citrus Waste in Modulating Neuroinflammation: A Sustainable SolutionAlessia Silla0Angela Punzo1Cristiana Caliceti2Maria Cristina Barbalace3Silvana Hrelia4Marco Malaguti5Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, ItalyDepartment for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, ItalyDepartment for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, ItalyIn normal conditions, neuroinflammation induces microglia and astrocyte activation to maintain brain homeostasis. However, excessive or prolonged neuroinflammation can inflict harmful damage on brain tissue. Numerous factors can trigger chronic neuroinflammation, ultimately leading to neurodegeneration. In this context, considering the pressing need for novel, natural approaches to mitigate neuroinflammatory damage, attention has turned to unconventional sources such as agricultural by-products. Citrus fruits are widely consumed globally, producing substantial waste, including peels, seeds, and pulp. Traditionally regarded as agricultural waste, these by-products are now recognized as valuable reservoirs of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, carotenoids, terpenoids, and limonoids. Among these, citrus polyphenols—particularly flavanones like hesperidin, naringenin, and eriocitrin—have emerged as potent modulators of neuroinflammatory pathways through their multifaceted interactions with cellular antioxidant systems, pro-inflammatory signaling cascades, neurovascular integrity, and gut–brain axis dynamics. This review aims to characterize the key molecules present in citrus waste and synthesizes preclinical and clinical evidence to elucidate the biochemical mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/5/581citrus wastepolyphenolsneuroinflammationneurodegenerationantioxidant activitybioavailability |
| spellingShingle | Alessia Silla Angela Punzo Cristiana Caliceti Maria Cristina Barbalace Silvana Hrelia Marco Malaguti The Role of Antioxidant Compounds from Citrus Waste in Modulating Neuroinflammation: A Sustainable Solution Antioxidants citrus waste polyphenols neuroinflammation neurodegeneration antioxidant activity bioavailability |
| title | The Role of Antioxidant Compounds from Citrus Waste in Modulating Neuroinflammation: A Sustainable Solution |
| title_full | The Role of Antioxidant Compounds from Citrus Waste in Modulating Neuroinflammation: A Sustainable Solution |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Antioxidant Compounds from Citrus Waste in Modulating Neuroinflammation: A Sustainable Solution |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Antioxidant Compounds from Citrus Waste in Modulating Neuroinflammation: A Sustainable Solution |
| title_short | The Role of Antioxidant Compounds from Citrus Waste in Modulating Neuroinflammation: A Sustainable Solution |
| title_sort | role of antioxidant compounds from citrus waste in modulating neuroinflammation a sustainable solution |
| topic | citrus waste polyphenols neuroinflammation neurodegeneration antioxidant activity bioavailability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/5/581 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alessiasilla theroleofantioxidantcompoundsfromcitruswasteinmodulatingneuroinflammationasustainablesolution AT angelapunzo theroleofantioxidantcompoundsfromcitruswasteinmodulatingneuroinflammationasustainablesolution AT cristianacaliceti theroleofantioxidantcompoundsfromcitruswasteinmodulatingneuroinflammationasustainablesolution AT mariacristinabarbalace theroleofantioxidantcompoundsfromcitruswasteinmodulatingneuroinflammationasustainablesolution AT silvanahrelia theroleofantioxidantcompoundsfromcitruswasteinmodulatingneuroinflammationasustainablesolution AT marcomalaguti theroleofantioxidantcompoundsfromcitruswasteinmodulatingneuroinflammationasustainablesolution AT alessiasilla roleofantioxidantcompoundsfromcitruswasteinmodulatingneuroinflammationasustainablesolution AT angelapunzo roleofantioxidantcompoundsfromcitruswasteinmodulatingneuroinflammationasustainablesolution AT cristianacaliceti roleofantioxidantcompoundsfromcitruswasteinmodulatingneuroinflammationasustainablesolution AT mariacristinabarbalace roleofantioxidantcompoundsfromcitruswasteinmodulatingneuroinflammationasustainablesolution AT silvanahrelia roleofantioxidantcompoundsfromcitruswasteinmodulatingneuroinflammationasustainablesolution AT marcomalaguti roleofantioxidantcompoundsfromcitruswasteinmodulatingneuroinflammationasustainablesolution |