Detection of Lard in Ink Extracted from Printed Food Packaging Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was utilised to discriminate the presence of lard in extracted ink of printed food packaging. Two spectral regions (full spectra, 3999–649 cm−1, and combination of two regions, 3110–2630 cm−1 and 1940–649 cm−1) of lard, commer...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2015-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Spectroscopy |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/502340 |
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| _version_ | 1832548320467222528 |
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| author | Syazwani Ramli Rosnita A. Talib Russly A. Rahman Norhazlin Zainuddin Siti Hajar Othman Norma M. Rashid |
| author_facet | Syazwani Ramli Rosnita A. Talib Russly A. Rahman Norhazlin Zainuddin Siti Hajar Othman Norma M. Rashid |
| author_sort | Syazwani Ramli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was utilised to discriminate the presence of lard in extracted ink of printed food packaging. Two spectral regions (full spectra, 3999–649 cm−1, and combination of two regions, 3110–2630 cm−1 and 1940–649 cm−1) of lard, commercial gravure ink, and the blends of both were selected and used to develop a Soft Independent Modelling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) model. The score plots obtained from the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the maximum number of factors (7 factors) was needed to explain 84% of the total variance. SIMCA was employed as the method to classify the samples into their specific groups. Si versus Hi plots showed that the calibration standards can be classified as lard-containing standards. Sample 2 was deduced to have the highest possibility of containing lard, while only samples 5 and 7 cannot be classified as lard-containing samples. These results demonstrated that FTIR spectroscopy, when combined with multivariate analysis, can provide a rapid method with no excessive sample preparation to detect the presence of lard in ink of foodstuff packaging. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4325a212f5f3495bb03dc2447a4bcfb1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-4920 2314-4939 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Spectroscopy |
| spelling | doaj-art-4325a212f5f3495bb03dc2447a4bcfb12025-02-03T06:14:19ZengWileyJournal of Spectroscopy2314-49202314-49392015-01-01201510.1155/2015/502340502340Detection of Lard in Ink Extracted from Printed Food Packaging Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate AnalysisSyazwani Ramli0Rosnita A. Talib1Russly A. Rahman2Norhazlin Zainuddin3Siti Hajar Othman4Norma M. Rashid5Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Institute of Halal Products Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Putra Infoport, 43400 Serdang, MalaysiaLaboratory of Halal Science Research, Institute of Halal Products Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Putra Infoport, 43400 Serdang, MalaysiaLaboratory of Halal Science Research, Institute of Halal Products Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Putra Infoport, 43400 Serdang, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, MalaysiaDepartment of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, MalaysiaLaboratory of Halal Science Research, Institute of Halal Products Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Putra Infoport, 43400 Serdang, MalaysiaFourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was utilised to discriminate the presence of lard in extracted ink of printed food packaging. Two spectral regions (full spectra, 3999–649 cm−1, and combination of two regions, 3110–2630 cm−1 and 1940–649 cm−1) of lard, commercial gravure ink, and the blends of both were selected and used to develop a Soft Independent Modelling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) model. The score plots obtained from the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the maximum number of factors (7 factors) was needed to explain 84% of the total variance. SIMCA was employed as the method to classify the samples into their specific groups. Si versus Hi plots showed that the calibration standards can be classified as lard-containing standards. Sample 2 was deduced to have the highest possibility of containing lard, while only samples 5 and 7 cannot be classified as lard-containing samples. These results demonstrated that FTIR spectroscopy, when combined with multivariate analysis, can provide a rapid method with no excessive sample preparation to detect the presence of lard in ink of foodstuff packaging.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/502340 |
| spellingShingle | Syazwani Ramli Rosnita A. Talib Russly A. Rahman Norhazlin Zainuddin Siti Hajar Othman Norma M. Rashid Detection of Lard in Ink Extracted from Printed Food Packaging Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis Journal of Spectroscopy |
| title | Detection of Lard in Ink Extracted from Printed Food Packaging Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis |
| title_full | Detection of Lard in Ink Extracted from Printed Food Packaging Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Detection of Lard in Ink Extracted from Printed Food Packaging Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Lard in Ink Extracted from Printed Food Packaging Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis |
| title_short | Detection of Lard in Ink Extracted from Printed Food Packaging Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis |
| title_sort | detection of lard in ink extracted from printed food packaging using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/502340 |
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