Insulin Resistance, Temperament and Personality Traits Are Associated with Anhedonia in a Transdiagnostic Sample

Anhedonia constitutes a core symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD) mediating the ultimate goal of MDD treatment: functional remission. Anhedonia is also present in other clinical populations, including patients with chronic pain. Recent data links anhedonia to insulin resistance (IR). Some rese...

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Main Authors: Marcin Siwek, Adrian A. Chrobak, Zbigniew Sołtys, Dominika Dudek, Anna J. Krupa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-08-01
Series:Brain Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/14/9/890
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author Marcin Siwek
Adrian A. Chrobak
Zbigniew Sołtys
Dominika Dudek
Anna J. Krupa
author_facet Marcin Siwek
Adrian A. Chrobak
Zbigniew Sołtys
Dominika Dudek
Anna J. Krupa
author_sort Marcin Siwek
collection DOAJ
description Anhedonia constitutes a core symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD) mediating the ultimate goal of MDD treatment: functional remission. Anhedonia is also present in other clinical populations, including patients with chronic pain. Recent data links anhedonia to insulin resistance (IR). Some researchers have underlined a different dimension of anhedonia as a temperament/personality trait. The objective of this post-hoc analysis was to explore the links between anhedonia (main outcome) and (1) IR, (2) temperamental, personality, and schizotypy traits (exposures). The study population included patients with MDD, fibromyalgia, and healthy controls. Participants were split into groups: (1) insulin resistant (IR[+] <i>n</i> = 69, HOMA-IR ≥ 2.1) and (2) insulin sensitive (IR[−] <i>n</i> = 69, HOMA-IR < 2.1). Anhedonia was significantly higher in the IR[+] group than the IR[−] group. IR was a predictor of higher anhedonia levels. IR[+] vs. IR[−] participants showed higher levels of anxiety and lower levels of hyperthymic affective temperaments, as well as conscientiousness and emotional stability personality traits. Depressive, irritable, and anxious temperaments, cognitive disorganization, and introvertive anhedonia positively predicted anhedonia, while hyperthymic temperament, conscientiousness, extraversion, and emotional stability traits negatively predicted anhedonia. IR partially mediated the relationship between depressive temperament and anhedonia. In sum, IR, affective temperaments, and personality traits are predictors of anhedonia.
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spelling doaj-art-429436a5122e4772a1ee58eeffa1dd6c2025-08-20T01:56:05ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252024-08-0114989010.3390/brainsci14090890Insulin Resistance, Temperament and Personality Traits Are Associated with Anhedonia in a Transdiagnostic SampleMarcin Siwek0Adrian A. Chrobak1Zbigniew Sołtys2Dominika Dudek3Anna J. Krupa4Department of Affective Disorders, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika St. 21a, 31-501 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Adult Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika St. 21a, 31-501 Krakow, PolandLaboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Adult Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika St. 21a, 31-501 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Affective Disorders, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika St. 21a, 31-501 Krakow, PolandAnhedonia constitutes a core symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD) mediating the ultimate goal of MDD treatment: functional remission. Anhedonia is also present in other clinical populations, including patients with chronic pain. Recent data links anhedonia to insulin resistance (IR). Some researchers have underlined a different dimension of anhedonia as a temperament/personality trait. The objective of this post-hoc analysis was to explore the links between anhedonia (main outcome) and (1) IR, (2) temperamental, personality, and schizotypy traits (exposures). The study population included patients with MDD, fibromyalgia, and healthy controls. Participants were split into groups: (1) insulin resistant (IR[+] <i>n</i> = 69, HOMA-IR ≥ 2.1) and (2) insulin sensitive (IR[−] <i>n</i> = 69, HOMA-IR < 2.1). Anhedonia was significantly higher in the IR[+] group than the IR[−] group. IR was a predictor of higher anhedonia levels. IR[+] vs. IR[−] participants showed higher levels of anxiety and lower levels of hyperthymic affective temperaments, as well as conscientiousness and emotional stability personality traits. Depressive, irritable, and anxious temperaments, cognitive disorganization, and introvertive anhedonia positively predicted anhedonia, while hyperthymic temperament, conscientiousness, extraversion, and emotional stability traits negatively predicted anhedonia. IR partially mediated the relationship between depressive temperament and anhedonia. In sum, IR, affective temperaments, and personality traits are predictors of anhedonia.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/14/9/890anhedoniainsulin resistancemajor depressionaffective temperamentpersonalityschizotypy
spellingShingle Marcin Siwek
Adrian A. Chrobak
Zbigniew Sołtys
Dominika Dudek
Anna J. Krupa
Insulin Resistance, Temperament and Personality Traits Are Associated with Anhedonia in a Transdiagnostic Sample
Brain Sciences
anhedonia
insulin resistance
major depression
affective temperament
personality
schizotypy
title Insulin Resistance, Temperament and Personality Traits Are Associated with Anhedonia in a Transdiagnostic Sample
title_full Insulin Resistance, Temperament and Personality Traits Are Associated with Anhedonia in a Transdiagnostic Sample
title_fullStr Insulin Resistance, Temperament and Personality Traits Are Associated with Anhedonia in a Transdiagnostic Sample
title_full_unstemmed Insulin Resistance, Temperament and Personality Traits Are Associated with Anhedonia in a Transdiagnostic Sample
title_short Insulin Resistance, Temperament and Personality Traits Are Associated with Anhedonia in a Transdiagnostic Sample
title_sort insulin resistance temperament and personality traits are associated with anhedonia in a transdiagnostic sample
topic anhedonia
insulin resistance
major depression
affective temperament
personality
schizotypy
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/14/9/890
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