Development of a Simple HPLC Method for the Analysis of Ergosterol and UV-Enriched Vitamin D₂ in Mushroom Powders

In this study, a straightforward and cost-effective HPLC-UV method was developed for the rapid determination of vitamin D<sub>2</sub> and ergosterol in mushrooms. These bioactive components are known to play a significant role in the nutritional value of mushrooms, particularly in the pr...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Judit Bajzát, András Misz, József Rácz, Máté Vágvölgyi, Csaba Csutorás, Csaba Vágvölgyi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/7/4058
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849730813382361088
author Judit Bajzát
András Misz
József Rácz
Máté Vágvölgyi
Csaba Csutorás
Csaba Vágvölgyi
author_facet Judit Bajzát
András Misz
József Rácz
Máté Vágvölgyi
Csaba Csutorás
Csaba Vágvölgyi
author_sort Judit Bajzát
collection DOAJ
description In this study, a straightforward and cost-effective HPLC-UV method was developed for the rapid determination of vitamin D<sub>2</sub> and ergosterol in mushrooms. These bioactive components are known to play a significant role in the nutritional value of mushrooms, particularly in the production of mushroom-based food supplements. The method, designed for routine analysis, involves a simple sample preparation process combining saponification and solid–liquid extraction, followed by HPLC-UV detection. High recovery rates (97–99%) were achieved by the method, with limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) of 0.1 mg/kg dry weight and 0.5 mg/kg dry weight, respectively. The enrichment of vitamin D₂ content in mushroom powders through UV irradiation was also investigated. In <i>Agaricus bisporus</i>, vitamin D₂ levels increased from an initial 1.92 mg/kg to 4.66 mg/kg following heat treatment at 100 °C, and reached a maximum of 28.13 mg/kg when heat treatment was combined with UV irradiation. In contrast, <i>Lentinula edodes</i> exhibited an initial vitamin D₂ content of 7–8.5 mg/kg, with the highest levels achieved through UV treatment alone, which also preserved ergosterol content. These findings highlight species-specific differences in vitamin D₂ conversion and present an effective approach for enhancing the nutritional profile of mushroom-based products, while providing a reliable analytical tool for quality control.
format Article
id doaj-art-42769083cd1d4c5f931bb02548f2af77
institution DOAJ
issn 2076-3417
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Applied Sciences
spelling doaj-art-42769083cd1d4c5f931bb02548f2af772025-08-20T03:08:44ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-04-01157405810.3390/app15074058Development of a Simple HPLC Method for the Analysis of Ergosterol and UV-Enriched Vitamin D₂ in Mushroom PowdersJudit Bajzát0András Misz1József Rácz2Máté Vágvölgyi3Csaba Csutorás4Csaba Vágvölgyi5Új Champignons Ltd., Bartók Béla Str. 162, H-1224 Budapest, HungaryÚj Champignons Ltd., Bartók Béla Str. 162, H-1224 Budapest, HungaryMagyar Gomba Kertész Ltd., Bartók Béla Str. 162, H-1224 Budapest, HungaryInstitute of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Zrínyi Str. 9, H-6720 Szeged, HungaryÚj Champignons Ltd., Bartók Béla Str. 162, H-1224 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, HungaryIn this study, a straightforward and cost-effective HPLC-UV method was developed for the rapid determination of vitamin D<sub>2</sub> and ergosterol in mushrooms. These bioactive components are known to play a significant role in the nutritional value of mushrooms, particularly in the production of mushroom-based food supplements. The method, designed for routine analysis, involves a simple sample preparation process combining saponification and solid–liquid extraction, followed by HPLC-UV detection. High recovery rates (97–99%) were achieved by the method, with limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) of 0.1 mg/kg dry weight and 0.5 mg/kg dry weight, respectively. The enrichment of vitamin D₂ content in mushroom powders through UV irradiation was also investigated. In <i>Agaricus bisporus</i>, vitamin D₂ levels increased from an initial 1.92 mg/kg to 4.66 mg/kg following heat treatment at 100 °C, and reached a maximum of 28.13 mg/kg when heat treatment was combined with UV irradiation. In contrast, <i>Lentinula edodes</i> exhibited an initial vitamin D₂ content of 7–8.5 mg/kg, with the highest levels achieved through UV treatment alone, which also preserved ergosterol content. These findings highlight species-specific differences in vitamin D₂ conversion and present an effective approach for enhancing the nutritional profile of mushroom-based products, while providing a reliable analytical tool for quality control.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/7/4058vitamin D<sub>2</sub>UV irradiationbutton mushroomshiitake mushroomliquid chromatography
spellingShingle Judit Bajzát
András Misz
József Rácz
Máté Vágvölgyi
Csaba Csutorás
Csaba Vágvölgyi
Development of a Simple HPLC Method for the Analysis of Ergosterol and UV-Enriched Vitamin D₂ in Mushroom Powders
Applied Sciences
vitamin D<sub>2</sub>
UV irradiation
button mushroom
shiitake mushroom
liquid chromatography
title Development of a Simple HPLC Method for the Analysis of Ergosterol and UV-Enriched Vitamin D₂ in Mushroom Powders
title_full Development of a Simple HPLC Method for the Analysis of Ergosterol and UV-Enriched Vitamin D₂ in Mushroom Powders
title_fullStr Development of a Simple HPLC Method for the Analysis of Ergosterol and UV-Enriched Vitamin D₂ in Mushroom Powders
title_full_unstemmed Development of a Simple HPLC Method for the Analysis of Ergosterol and UV-Enriched Vitamin D₂ in Mushroom Powders
title_short Development of a Simple HPLC Method for the Analysis of Ergosterol and UV-Enriched Vitamin D₂ in Mushroom Powders
title_sort development of a simple hplc method for the analysis of ergosterol and uv enriched vitamin d₂ in mushroom powders
topic vitamin D<sub>2</sub>
UV irradiation
button mushroom
shiitake mushroom
liquid chromatography
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/7/4058
work_keys_str_mv AT juditbajzat developmentofasimplehplcmethodfortheanalysisofergosterolanduvenrichedvitamind2inmushroompowders
AT andrasmisz developmentofasimplehplcmethodfortheanalysisofergosterolanduvenrichedvitamind2inmushroompowders
AT jozsefracz developmentofasimplehplcmethodfortheanalysisofergosterolanduvenrichedvitamind2inmushroompowders
AT matevagvolgyi developmentofasimplehplcmethodfortheanalysisofergosterolanduvenrichedvitamind2inmushroompowders
AT csabacsutoras developmentofasimplehplcmethodfortheanalysisofergosterolanduvenrichedvitamind2inmushroompowders
AT csabavagvolgyi developmentofasimplehplcmethodfortheanalysisofergosterolanduvenrichedvitamind2inmushroompowders