Divergent Molecular Responses to Heavy Water in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Compared to Bacteria and Yeast
Heavy water (D<sub>2</sub>O) is scarce in nature, and despite its physical similarity to water, D<sub>2</sub>O disrupts cellular function due to the isotope effect. While microbes can survive in nearly pure D<sub>2</sub>O, eukaryotes such as <i>Arabidopsis t...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Pengxi Wang Jan Novák Romana Kopecká Petr Čičmanec Martin Černý |
| author_facet | Pengxi Wang Jan Novák Romana Kopecká Petr Čičmanec Martin Černý |
| author_sort | Pengxi Wang |
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| description | Heavy water (D<sub>2</sub>O) is scarce in nature, and despite its physical similarity to water, D<sub>2</sub>O disrupts cellular function due to the isotope effect. While microbes can survive in nearly pure D<sub>2</sub>O, eukaryotes such as <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> are more sensitive and are unable to survive higher concentrations of D<sub>2</sub>O. To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms for these differences, we conducted a comparative proteomic analysis of <i>E. coli</i>, <i>S. cerevisiae</i>, and <i>Arabidopsis</i> after 180 min of growth in a D<sub>2</sub>O-supplemented media. Shared adaptive mechanisms across these species were identified, including changes in ribosomal protein abundances, accumulation of chaperones, and altered metabolism of polyamines and amino acids. However, <i>Arabidopsis</i> exhibited unique vulnerabilities, such as a muted stress response, lack of rapid activation of reactive oxygen species metabolism, and depletion of stress phytohormone abscisic acid signaling components. Experiments with mutants show that modulating the HSP70 pool composition may promote D<sub>2</sub>O resilience. Additionally, <i>Arabidopsis</i> rapidly incorporated deuterium into sucrose, indicating that photosynthesis facilitates deuterium intake. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms that dictate differential tolerance to D<sub>2</sub>O across species and lay the groundwork for further studies on the biological effects of uncommon isotopes, with potential implications for biotechnology and environmental science. |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj-art-4274aeb097ab4265b33580362a73e83a2025-08-20T02:05:01ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-11-011322312110.3390/plants13223121Divergent Molecular Responses to Heavy Water in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Compared to Bacteria and YeastPengxi Wang0Jan Novák1Romana Kopecká2Petr Čičmanec3Martin Černý4Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech RepublicHeavy water (D<sub>2</sub>O) is scarce in nature, and despite its physical similarity to water, D<sub>2</sub>O disrupts cellular function due to the isotope effect. While microbes can survive in nearly pure D<sub>2</sub>O, eukaryotes such as <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> are more sensitive and are unable to survive higher concentrations of D<sub>2</sub>O. To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms for these differences, we conducted a comparative proteomic analysis of <i>E. coli</i>, <i>S. cerevisiae</i>, and <i>Arabidopsis</i> after 180 min of growth in a D<sub>2</sub>O-supplemented media. Shared adaptive mechanisms across these species were identified, including changes in ribosomal protein abundances, accumulation of chaperones, and altered metabolism of polyamines and amino acids. However, <i>Arabidopsis</i> exhibited unique vulnerabilities, such as a muted stress response, lack of rapid activation of reactive oxygen species metabolism, and depletion of stress phytohormone abscisic acid signaling components. Experiments with mutants show that modulating the HSP70 pool composition may promote D<sub>2</sub>O resilience. Additionally, <i>Arabidopsis</i> rapidly incorporated deuterium into sucrose, indicating that photosynthesis facilitates deuterium intake. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms that dictate differential tolerance to D<sub>2</sub>O across species and lay the groundwork for further studies on the biological effects of uncommon isotopes, with potential implications for biotechnology and environmental science.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/22/3121stress responseproteomeROS metabolismdeuterium oxideadaptationHSP70 |
| spellingShingle | Pengxi Wang Jan Novák Romana Kopecká Petr Čičmanec Martin Černý Divergent Molecular Responses to Heavy Water in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Compared to Bacteria and Yeast Plants stress response proteome ROS metabolism deuterium oxide adaptation HSP70 |
| title | Divergent Molecular Responses to Heavy Water in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Compared to Bacteria and Yeast |
| title_full | Divergent Molecular Responses to Heavy Water in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Compared to Bacteria and Yeast |
| title_fullStr | Divergent Molecular Responses to Heavy Water in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Compared to Bacteria and Yeast |
| title_full_unstemmed | Divergent Molecular Responses to Heavy Water in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Compared to Bacteria and Yeast |
| title_short | Divergent Molecular Responses to Heavy Water in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Compared to Bacteria and Yeast |
| title_sort | divergent molecular responses to heavy water in i arabidopsis thaliana i compared to bacteria and yeast |
| topic | stress response proteome ROS metabolism deuterium oxide adaptation HSP70 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/22/3121 |
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