Exploring rumen fermentation and microbial populations in Dhofari goats fed a chitosan-added diet

The use of chitosan (CHI) in ruminant diets is a promising natural modifier for rumen fermentation, capable of modulating both the rumen pattern and microbial activities. The objective of this study was to explore the rumen fermentation and microbial populations in Dhofari goats fed a diet supplemen...

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Main Authors: Hani M. El-Zaiat, Waleed Al-Marzooqi, Kaadhia Al-Kharousi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2024-12-01
Series:Animal Biotechnology
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/10495398.2024.2337748
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author Hani M. El-Zaiat
Waleed Al-Marzooqi
Kaadhia Al-Kharousi
author_facet Hani M. El-Zaiat
Waleed Al-Marzooqi
Kaadhia Al-Kharousi
author_sort Hani M. El-Zaiat
collection DOAJ
description The use of chitosan (CHI) in ruminant diets is a promising natural modifier for rumen fermentation, capable of modulating both the rumen pattern and microbial activities. The objective of this study was to explore the rumen fermentation and microbial populations in Dhofari goats fed a diet supplemented with CHI. A total of 24 Dhofari lactating goats (body weight, 27.32 ± 1.80 kg) were assigned randomly into three experimental groups (n = 8 ewes/group). Goats were fed a basal diet with either 0 (control), 180 (low), or 360 (high) mg CHI/kg of dietary dry matter (DM) for 45 days. Feeding high CHI linearly increased (p < 0.05) the propionate level and reduced the acetate, butyrate, and total protozoa count (p < 0.05). Ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N) concentrations and the acetate:propionate ratio decreased linearly when goats were fed CHI (p < 0.05). The abundances of both Spirochetes and Fibrobacteres phyla were reduced (p < 0.05) with both CHI doses relative to the control. Both low and high CHI reduced (p < 0.05) the relative abundances of Butyrivibrio hungatei, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus albus, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Selenomonas ruminantium and Neocallimastix californiae populations. Adding CHI significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the abundances of Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Bacillariophyta phyla compared to the control. Adding CHI to the diet reduces the abundance of fibrolytic-degrading bacteria, however, it increases the amylolytic-degrading bacteria. Application of 360 mg of CHI/kg DM modified the relative populations of ruminal microbes, which could enhance the rumen fermentation patterns in Dhofari goats.
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spelling doaj-art-42723894b9c74ff08b67946d34ca3e082025-08-20T03:55:54ZengTaylor & Francis GroupAnimal Biotechnology1049-53981532-23782024-12-0135110.1080/10495398.2024.2337748Exploring rumen fermentation and microbial populations in Dhofari goats fed a chitosan-added dietHani M. El-Zaiat0Waleed Al-Marzooqi1Kaadhia Al-Kharousi2Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of OmanDepartment of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of OmanDepartment of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of OmanThe use of chitosan (CHI) in ruminant diets is a promising natural modifier for rumen fermentation, capable of modulating both the rumen pattern and microbial activities. The objective of this study was to explore the rumen fermentation and microbial populations in Dhofari goats fed a diet supplemented with CHI. A total of 24 Dhofari lactating goats (body weight, 27.32 ± 1.80 kg) were assigned randomly into three experimental groups (n = 8 ewes/group). Goats were fed a basal diet with either 0 (control), 180 (low), or 360 (high) mg CHI/kg of dietary dry matter (DM) for 45 days. Feeding high CHI linearly increased (p < 0.05) the propionate level and reduced the acetate, butyrate, and total protozoa count (p < 0.05). Ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N) concentrations and the acetate:propionate ratio decreased linearly when goats were fed CHI (p < 0.05). The abundances of both Spirochetes and Fibrobacteres phyla were reduced (p < 0.05) with both CHI doses relative to the control. Both low and high CHI reduced (p < 0.05) the relative abundances of Butyrivibrio hungatei, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus albus, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Selenomonas ruminantium and Neocallimastix californiae populations. Adding CHI significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the abundances of Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Bacillariophyta phyla compared to the control. Adding CHI to the diet reduces the abundance of fibrolytic-degrading bacteria, however, it increases the amylolytic-degrading bacteria. Application of 360 mg of CHI/kg DM modified the relative populations of ruminal microbes, which could enhance the rumen fermentation patterns in Dhofari goats.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/10495398.2024.2337748Chitosan additiverumen fermentationmicrobiome sequencingDhofari goats
spellingShingle Hani M. El-Zaiat
Waleed Al-Marzooqi
Kaadhia Al-Kharousi
Exploring rumen fermentation and microbial populations in Dhofari goats fed a chitosan-added diet
Animal Biotechnology
Chitosan additive
rumen fermentation
microbiome sequencing
Dhofari goats
title Exploring rumen fermentation and microbial populations in Dhofari goats fed a chitosan-added diet
title_full Exploring rumen fermentation and microbial populations in Dhofari goats fed a chitosan-added diet
title_fullStr Exploring rumen fermentation and microbial populations in Dhofari goats fed a chitosan-added diet
title_full_unstemmed Exploring rumen fermentation and microbial populations in Dhofari goats fed a chitosan-added diet
title_short Exploring rumen fermentation and microbial populations in Dhofari goats fed a chitosan-added diet
title_sort exploring rumen fermentation and microbial populations in dhofari goats fed a chitosan added diet
topic Chitosan additive
rumen fermentation
microbiome sequencing
Dhofari goats
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/10495398.2024.2337748
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