Worldwide Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: The objective of this meta-analysis was to establish the prevalence of poor sleep quality among individuals aged over 60 years old, utilizing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Method: To identify appropriate records, a thorough search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge data...

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Main Authors: Parisa Kavousi, Ehsan Mali, Nasim Seifhashemi, Mohamad Souri, Leyla Pakravan, Fatemeh Khalili
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2025-02-01
Series:Iranian Journal of Psychiatry
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Online Access:https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/4056
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author Parisa Kavousi
Ehsan Mali
Nasim Seifhashemi
Mohamad Souri
Leyla Pakravan
Fatemeh Khalili
author_facet Parisa Kavousi
Ehsan Mali
Nasim Seifhashemi
Mohamad Souri
Leyla Pakravan
Fatemeh Khalili
author_sort Parisa Kavousi
collection DOAJ
description Objective: The objective of this meta-analysis was to establish the prevalence of poor sleep quality among individuals aged over 60 years old, utilizing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Method: To identify appropriate records, a thorough search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge databases was conducted until May 22, 2024. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Hoy tool. To calculate the pooled prevalence with a 95% confidence interval, the random effects model was utilized. Additionally, subgroup analyses were carried out to investigate the potential sources of heterogeneity. Results: This study examined 52 cross-sectional studies encompassing 24,217 individuals aged 60 and older. The quality of the studies was assessed, with 4 rated as moderate and 48 as good. China reported the lowest prevalence of poor sleep quality at 14%, while Malaysia recorded the highest at 96%. The overall pooled prevalence was found to be 50% (95% CI: 45-55%), exhibiting significant heterogeneity across the studies (I² = 99.60%, Pheterogeneity < 0.001). Subgroup analysis indicated that geographic location significantly influenced this heterogeneity (p < 0.001), with Africa showing a lower prevalence of poor sleep quality at 27% (95% CI: 23%-32%) compared to other regions. However, no significant differences were observed in the impact of other factors, such as gender, level of development, sample size, survey time, PSQI cut-off, and response rate on the overall heterogeneity of the analyzed data. Conclusion: This study reveals that approximately half of older adults experience poor sleep quality. However, this prevalence varies across different locations, underscoring the necessity for targeted interventions that consider regional factors influencing sleep health.
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spelling doaj-art-4271a44601ff4c2eacf14485e9c291442025-08-20T02:11:58ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Psychiatry1735-45872008-22152025-02-0120210.18502/ijps.v20i2.18207Worldwide Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisParisa Kavousi0Ehsan Mali1Nasim Seifhashemi2Mohamad Souri3Leyla Pakravan4Fatemeh Khalili5Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, Islamic Azad University Roudehen Branch, Tehran, Iran.Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Kordkuy, Golestan, Iran.Department of Psychology, School of Psychology and Educational Science, Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Kermanshah Branch, Kermanshah, Iran.Department of Psychology, School of Human Sciences, Islamic Azad University Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran.Department of Psychology, School of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran. Objective: The objective of this meta-analysis was to establish the prevalence of poor sleep quality among individuals aged over 60 years old, utilizing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Method: To identify appropriate records, a thorough search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge databases was conducted until May 22, 2024. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Hoy tool. To calculate the pooled prevalence with a 95% confidence interval, the random effects model was utilized. Additionally, subgroup analyses were carried out to investigate the potential sources of heterogeneity. Results: This study examined 52 cross-sectional studies encompassing 24,217 individuals aged 60 and older. The quality of the studies was assessed, with 4 rated as moderate and 48 as good. China reported the lowest prevalence of poor sleep quality at 14%, while Malaysia recorded the highest at 96%. The overall pooled prevalence was found to be 50% (95% CI: 45-55%), exhibiting significant heterogeneity across the studies (I² = 99.60%, Pheterogeneity < 0.001). Subgroup analysis indicated that geographic location significantly influenced this heterogeneity (p < 0.001), with Africa showing a lower prevalence of poor sleep quality at 27% (95% CI: 23%-32%) compared to other regions. However, no significant differences were observed in the impact of other factors, such as gender, level of development, sample size, survey time, PSQI cut-off, and response rate on the overall heterogeneity of the analyzed data. Conclusion: This study reveals that approximately half of older adults experience poor sleep quality. However, this prevalence varies across different locations, underscoring the necessity for targeted interventions that consider regional factors influencing sleep health. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/4056AgedCross-Sectional StudiesEpidemiologyPrevalenceSleep Disorders
spellingShingle Parisa Kavousi
Ehsan Mali
Nasim Seifhashemi
Mohamad Souri
Leyla Pakravan
Fatemeh Khalili
Worldwide Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry
Aged
Cross-Sectional Studies
Epidemiology
Prevalence
Sleep Disorders
title Worldwide Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full Worldwide Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr Worldwide Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Worldwide Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short Worldwide Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort worldwide prevalence of poor sleep quality in older adults a systematic review and meta analysis
topic Aged
Cross-Sectional Studies
Epidemiology
Prevalence
Sleep Disorders
url https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/4056
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