A Large Sample Study of Fuzzy Least-Squares Estimation

In many real-world situations, we deal with data that exhibit both randomness and vagueness. To manage such uncertain information, fuzzy theory provides a useful framework. Specifically, to explore causal relationships in these datasets, a lot of fuzzy regression models have been introduced. However...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jin Hee Yoon, Seung Hoe Choi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Axioms
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/14/3/181
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850089621652766720
author Jin Hee Yoon
Seung Hoe Choi
author_facet Jin Hee Yoon
Seung Hoe Choi
author_sort Jin Hee Yoon
collection DOAJ
description In many real-world situations, we deal with data that exhibit both randomness and vagueness. To manage such uncertain information, fuzzy theory provides a useful framework. Specifically, to explore causal relationships in these datasets, a lot of fuzzy regression models have been introduced. However, while fuzzy regression analysis focuses on estimation, it is equally important to study the mathematical characteristics of fuzzy regression estimates. Despite the statistical significance of optimal properties in large-sample scenarios, only limited research has addressed these topics. This study establishes key optimal properties, such as strong consistency and asymptotic normality, for the fuzzy least-squares estimator (FLSE) in general linear regression models involving fuzzy input–output data and random errors. To achieve this, fuzzy analogues of traditional normal equations and FLSEs are derived using a suitable fuzzy metric. Additionally, a confidence region based on FLSEs is proposed to facilitate inference. The asymptotic relative efficiency of FLSEs, compared to conventional least-squares estimators, is also analyzed to highlight the efficiency of the proposed estimators.
format Article
id doaj-art-4258ec3b9d8142cbbf3586874624e8f6
institution DOAJ
issn 2075-1680
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Axioms
spelling doaj-art-4258ec3b9d8142cbbf3586874624e8f62025-08-20T02:42:45ZengMDPI AGAxioms2075-16802025-02-0114318110.3390/axioms14030181A Large Sample Study of Fuzzy Least-Squares EstimationJin Hee Yoon0Seung Hoe Choi1Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of KoreaSchool of Liberal Arts and Science, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang 10540, Republic of KoreaIn many real-world situations, we deal with data that exhibit both randomness and vagueness. To manage such uncertain information, fuzzy theory provides a useful framework. Specifically, to explore causal relationships in these datasets, a lot of fuzzy regression models have been introduced. However, while fuzzy regression analysis focuses on estimation, it is equally important to study the mathematical characteristics of fuzzy regression estimates. Despite the statistical significance of optimal properties in large-sample scenarios, only limited research has addressed these topics. This study establishes key optimal properties, such as strong consistency and asymptotic normality, for the fuzzy least-squares estimator (FLSE) in general linear regression models involving fuzzy input–output data and random errors. To achieve this, fuzzy analogues of traditional normal equations and FLSEs are derived using a suitable fuzzy metric. Additionally, a confidence region based on FLSEs is proposed to facilitate inference. The asymptotic relative efficiency of FLSEs, compared to conventional least-squares estimators, is also analyzed to highlight the efficiency of the proposed estimators.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/14/3/181fuzzy least-squares estimationasymptotic normalitystrong consistencytriangular fuzzy matrix
spellingShingle Jin Hee Yoon
Seung Hoe Choi
A Large Sample Study of Fuzzy Least-Squares Estimation
Axioms
fuzzy least-squares estimation
asymptotic normality
strong consistency
triangular fuzzy matrix
title A Large Sample Study of Fuzzy Least-Squares Estimation
title_full A Large Sample Study of Fuzzy Least-Squares Estimation
title_fullStr A Large Sample Study of Fuzzy Least-Squares Estimation
title_full_unstemmed A Large Sample Study of Fuzzy Least-Squares Estimation
title_short A Large Sample Study of Fuzzy Least-Squares Estimation
title_sort large sample study of fuzzy least squares estimation
topic fuzzy least-squares estimation
asymptotic normality
strong consistency
triangular fuzzy matrix
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/14/3/181
work_keys_str_mv AT jinheeyoon alargesamplestudyoffuzzyleastsquaresestimation
AT seunghoechoi alargesamplestudyoffuzzyleastsquaresestimation
AT jinheeyoon largesamplestudyoffuzzyleastsquaresestimation
AT seunghoechoi largesamplestudyoffuzzyleastsquaresestimation