Energy Efficiency in Buildings Through the Application of Phase Change Materials: An In-Depth Analysis of the Integration of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs)
Energy demand in the building sector has drastically increased due to rising occupant comfort requirements, accounting for 30% of the world’s final energy consumption and 26% of global carbon emissions. Thus, to improve building efficiency in heating and cooling applications, phase change material (...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/14/3629 |
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| author | Abir Hmida Fouad Erchiqui Abdelkader Laafer Mahmoud Bourouis |
| author_facet | Abir Hmida Fouad Erchiqui Abdelkader Laafer Mahmoud Bourouis |
| author_sort | Abir Hmida |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Energy demand in the building sector has drastically increased due to rising occupant comfort requirements, accounting for 30% of the world’s final energy consumption and 26% of global carbon emissions. Thus, to improve building efficiency in heating and cooling applications, phase change material (PCM)-based passive thermal management techniques have been considered due to their energy storage capabilities. This study provides a comprehensive review of the research on PCM applications, types, and encapsulation forms. Various solutions have been proposed to enhance PCM performance. In this review, the authors suggest new methods to improve PCM efficiency by using the multilayered wall technique, which involves employing two layers of a hybrid bio-composite—specifically, the hybrid hemp/wood fiber-reinforced composite with a polypropylene (PP) matrix—along with a layer of PCM made from spent coffee grounds (SCGs). Previous studies have shown that oil extracted from SCGs demonstrates good thermal and chemical stability, as it contains approximately 60–80% fatty acids, with a phase transition temperature of approximately 4.5 ± 0.72 °C and latent heat values of 51.15 ± 1.46 kJ/kg. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4258daf80b0e41e2abad75b1d60e1cfb |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj-art-4258daf80b0e41e2abad75b1d60e1cfb2025-08-20T03:58:27ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-07-011814362910.3390/en18143629Energy Efficiency in Buildings Through the Application of Phase Change Materials: An In-Depth Analysis of the Integration of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs)Abir Hmida0Fouad Erchiqui1Abdelkader Laafer2Mahmoud Bourouis3School of Engineering, University of Quebec in Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, QC J9X 5E4, CanadaSchool of Engineering, University of Quebec in Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, QC J9X 5E4, CanadaOvamus Laboratory, LSTM Laboratory, Mechanical Department, Faculty of Technology, University of Blida 1, Blida 09000, AlgeriaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans No. 26, 43007 Taragona, SpainEnergy demand in the building sector has drastically increased due to rising occupant comfort requirements, accounting for 30% of the world’s final energy consumption and 26% of global carbon emissions. Thus, to improve building efficiency in heating and cooling applications, phase change material (PCM)-based passive thermal management techniques have been considered due to their energy storage capabilities. This study provides a comprehensive review of the research on PCM applications, types, and encapsulation forms. Various solutions have been proposed to enhance PCM performance. In this review, the authors suggest new methods to improve PCM efficiency by using the multilayered wall technique, which involves employing two layers of a hybrid bio-composite—specifically, the hybrid hemp/wood fiber-reinforced composite with a polypropylene (PP) matrix—along with a layer of PCM made from spent coffee grounds (SCGs). Previous studies have shown that oil extracted from SCGs demonstrates good thermal and chemical stability, as it contains approximately 60–80% fatty acids, with a phase transition temperature of approximately 4.5 ± 0.72 °C and latent heat values of 51.15 ± 1.46 kJ/kg.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/14/3629buildings’ energy efficiencythermal energy storagephase change materialscooling and heatingspent coffee grounds |
| spellingShingle | Abir Hmida Fouad Erchiqui Abdelkader Laafer Mahmoud Bourouis Energy Efficiency in Buildings Through the Application of Phase Change Materials: An In-Depth Analysis of the Integration of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs) Energies buildings’ energy efficiency thermal energy storage phase change materials cooling and heating spent coffee grounds |
| title | Energy Efficiency in Buildings Through the Application of Phase Change Materials: An In-Depth Analysis of the Integration of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs) |
| title_full | Energy Efficiency in Buildings Through the Application of Phase Change Materials: An In-Depth Analysis of the Integration of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs) |
| title_fullStr | Energy Efficiency in Buildings Through the Application of Phase Change Materials: An In-Depth Analysis of the Integration of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Energy Efficiency in Buildings Through the Application of Phase Change Materials: An In-Depth Analysis of the Integration of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs) |
| title_short | Energy Efficiency in Buildings Through the Application of Phase Change Materials: An In-Depth Analysis of the Integration of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs) |
| title_sort | energy efficiency in buildings through the application of phase change materials an in depth analysis of the integration of spent coffee grounds scgs |
| topic | buildings’ energy efficiency thermal energy storage phase change materials cooling and heating spent coffee grounds |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/14/3629 |
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