TPACK in context: An updated model

The Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework has evolved significantly since its introduction, particularly in its treatment of context. The original model acknowledged contexts through a dotted circle surrounding the framework's core components; however, understanding...

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Main Authors: Dominik Petko, Punya Mishra, Matthew J Koehler
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Computers and Education Open
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666557325000035
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author Dominik Petko
Punya Mishra
Matthew J Koehler
author_facet Dominik Petko
Punya Mishra
Matthew J Koehler
author_sort Dominik Petko
collection DOAJ
description The Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework has evolved significantly since its introduction, particularly in its treatment of context. The original model acknowledged contexts through a dotted circle surrounding the framework's core components; however, understanding and operationalizing these contexts has remained challenging for researchers and practitioners. We address this challenge by proposing a new conceptual synthesis that bridges two prominent approaches to context in TPACK: contexts as external influences and Contextual Knowledge (XK) as a distinct knowledge domain. We argue that both perspectives are essential and complementary. Drawing on research from cognitive psychology, teacher expertise, and situated learning, we argue that TPACK exists simultaneously as teacher knowledge that is shaped by external contexts (contextualized knowledge) and as knowledge about educational environments (Contextual Knowledge). This dual nature is reflected in our proposed model, which maintains the original framework's dotted circle representing external contexts while incorporating XK as an additional knowledge domain. This reconceptualization provides theoretical clarity and practical utility for understanding how teachers develop and apply their technology integration knowledge across different educational settings.
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spelling doaj-art-42503f4119714832b81eab316f9797992025-01-27T04:22:24ZengElsevierComputers and Education Open2666-55732025-06-018100244TPACK in context: An updated modelDominik Petko0Punya Mishra1Matthew J Koehler2Universität Zürich, Zürich, ZH, Switzerland; Corresponding author.Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United StatesMichigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United StatesThe Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework has evolved significantly since its introduction, particularly in its treatment of context. The original model acknowledged contexts through a dotted circle surrounding the framework's core components; however, understanding and operationalizing these contexts has remained challenging for researchers and practitioners. We address this challenge by proposing a new conceptual synthesis that bridges two prominent approaches to context in TPACK: contexts as external influences and Contextual Knowledge (XK) as a distinct knowledge domain. We argue that both perspectives are essential and complementary. Drawing on research from cognitive psychology, teacher expertise, and situated learning, we argue that TPACK exists simultaneously as teacher knowledge that is shaped by external contexts (contextualized knowledge) and as knowledge about educational environments (Contextual Knowledge). This dual nature is reflected in our proposed model, which maintains the original framework's dotted circle representing external contexts while incorporating XK as an additional knowledge domain. This reconceptualization provides theoretical clarity and practical utility for understanding how teachers develop and apply their technology integration knowledge across different educational settings.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666557325000035TPACKTechnological pedagogical content knowledgeTechnological pedagogical and content knowledgeTechnologyTeacher knowledge
spellingShingle Dominik Petko
Punya Mishra
Matthew J Koehler
TPACK in context: An updated model
Computers and Education Open
TPACK
Technological pedagogical content knowledge
Technological pedagogical and content knowledge
Technology
Teacher knowledge
title TPACK in context: An updated model
title_full TPACK in context: An updated model
title_fullStr TPACK in context: An updated model
title_full_unstemmed TPACK in context: An updated model
title_short TPACK in context: An updated model
title_sort tpack in context an updated model
topic TPACK
Technological pedagogical content knowledge
Technological pedagogical and content knowledge
Technology
Teacher knowledge
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666557325000035
work_keys_str_mv AT dominikpetko tpackincontextanupdatedmodel
AT punyamishra tpackincontextanupdatedmodel
AT matthewjkoehler tpackincontextanupdatedmodel