Etiological Patterns and Clinical manifestations of Severe Anemia in Hospitalized Patients
Background: Severe anemia is a significant global health issue, particularly among hospitalized patients, with diverse etiologies and complex clinical presentations. This retrospective hospital-based study aimed to explore the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and etiological factors of severe an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Assam Journal of Internal Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ajoim.ajoim_10_24 |
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| author | Himavathy Kodandarao Gara Dharma Rao Vanamali |
| author_facet | Himavathy Kodandarao Gara Dharma Rao Vanamali |
| author_sort | Himavathy Kodandarao Gara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background:
Severe anemia is a significant global health issue, particularly among hospitalized patients, with diverse etiologies and complex clinical presentations. This retrospective hospital-based study aimed to explore the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and etiological factors of severe anemia in hospitalized patients.
Materials and Methods:
Medical records of 103 patients admitted with severe anemia from February 2023 to January 2024 were analyzed. After exclusions, data from 85 patients were included in the final analysis.Results:
The mean age of participants was 45.82 years, with a predominance of middle-aged and older individuals. Dyspnea was the most prevalent symptom, followed by giddiness and weight loss. Approximately one-fifth of patients had congestive heart failure, which was more common in older age groups. Hemoglobin levels ranged from 6.5 to 7.9 g/dL in 63% of patients, with microcytic hypochromic anemia being the most common peripheral blood smear finding. Nutritional deficiencies were the leading cause of severe anemia, followed by anemia of chronic disease (ACD), with iron deficiency anemia being the most prevalent subtype. ACD was predominantly seen in older age groups, while nutritional deficiencies were more common in younger patients and significantly higher in females. Gender disparities were evident, with males exhibiting a higher prevalence of ACD and females showing a higher prevalence of nutritional deficiency anemia.
Conclusion:
This study underscores the need for targeted interventions addressing nutritional inadequacies, disease-specific treatments, and gender-sensitive healthcare strategies to optimize patient outcomes. A comprehensive understanding and management of severe anemia are essential to mitigate its impact on morbidity and mortality, particularly among hospitalized patients. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-42110d59750047ffaa191fe75bf4787c |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2278-8239 2773-0166 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Assam Journal of Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-42110d59750047ffaa191fe75bf4787c2025-08-20T03:10:39ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAssam Journal of Internal Medicine2278-82392773-01662024-01-01141233010.4103/ajoim.ajoim_10_24Etiological Patterns and Clinical manifestations of Severe Anemia in Hospitalized PatientsHimavathy Kodandarao GaraDharma Rao VanamaliBackground: Severe anemia is a significant global health issue, particularly among hospitalized patients, with diverse etiologies and complex clinical presentations. This retrospective hospital-based study aimed to explore the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and etiological factors of severe anemia in hospitalized patients. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 103 patients admitted with severe anemia from February 2023 to January 2024 were analyzed. After exclusions, data from 85 patients were included in the final analysis.Results: The mean age of participants was 45.82 years, with a predominance of middle-aged and older individuals. Dyspnea was the most prevalent symptom, followed by giddiness and weight loss. Approximately one-fifth of patients had congestive heart failure, which was more common in older age groups. Hemoglobin levels ranged from 6.5 to 7.9 g/dL in 63% of patients, with microcytic hypochromic anemia being the most common peripheral blood smear finding. Nutritional deficiencies were the leading cause of severe anemia, followed by anemia of chronic disease (ACD), with iron deficiency anemia being the most prevalent subtype. ACD was predominantly seen in older age groups, while nutritional deficiencies were more common in younger patients and significantly higher in females. Gender disparities were evident, with males exhibiting a higher prevalence of ACD and females showing a higher prevalence of nutritional deficiency anemia. Conclusion: This study underscores the need for targeted interventions addressing nutritional inadequacies, disease-specific treatments, and gender-sensitive healthcare strategies to optimize patient outcomes. A comprehensive understanding and management of severe anemia are essential to mitigate its impact on morbidity and mortality, particularly among hospitalized patients.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ajoim.ajoim_10_24anemia of chronic diseaseclinical manifestationsetiologynutritional deficienciesperipheral blood smearsevere anemia |
| spellingShingle | Himavathy Kodandarao Gara Dharma Rao Vanamali Etiological Patterns and Clinical manifestations of Severe Anemia in Hospitalized Patients Assam Journal of Internal Medicine anemia of chronic disease clinical manifestations etiology nutritional deficiencies peripheral blood smear severe anemia |
| title | Etiological Patterns and Clinical manifestations of Severe Anemia in Hospitalized Patients |
| title_full | Etiological Patterns and Clinical manifestations of Severe Anemia in Hospitalized Patients |
| title_fullStr | Etiological Patterns and Clinical manifestations of Severe Anemia in Hospitalized Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Etiological Patterns and Clinical manifestations of Severe Anemia in Hospitalized Patients |
| title_short | Etiological Patterns and Clinical manifestations of Severe Anemia in Hospitalized Patients |
| title_sort | etiological patterns and clinical manifestations of severe anemia in hospitalized patients |
| topic | anemia of chronic disease clinical manifestations etiology nutritional deficiencies peripheral blood smear severe anemia |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ajoim.ajoim_10_24 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT himavathykodandaraogara etiologicalpatternsandclinicalmanifestationsofsevereanemiainhospitalizedpatients AT dharmaraovanamali etiologicalpatternsandclinicalmanifestationsofsevereanemiainhospitalizedpatients |