Effect of 10 freshwater microalgae on in vitro methane mitigation and rumen fermentation
ABSTRACT: Agriculture is at the pivot point between anthroposphere, biosphere, and atmosphere. Innovative solutions are needed to reduce agricultural emissions and improve sustainability. Microalgae animal feed could be such a solution. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 10 freshwater micro...
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Elsevier
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Dairy Science |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030225000931 |
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| author | Yang Li Mariluz Bagnoud-Velásquez Yixin Zhang Kai Wang Lenka Punčochářová Carmen Kunz Sebastian Dubois Rong Peng Alexandra Baumeyer Brahier Fabian Wahl Mutian Niu |
| author_facet | Yang Li Mariluz Bagnoud-Velásquez Yixin Zhang Kai Wang Lenka Punčochářová Carmen Kunz Sebastian Dubois Rong Peng Alexandra Baumeyer Brahier Fabian Wahl Mutian Niu |
| author_sort | Yang Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT: Agriculture is at the pivot point between anthroposphere, biosphere, and atmosphere. Innovative solutions are needed to reduce agricultural emissions and improve sustainability. Microalgae animal feed could be such a solution. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 10 freshwater microalgae: Auxenochlorella protothecoides, Chlamydomonas pulvinate, Chlorella luteoviridis, Chlorella variabilis, Euglena mutabilis, Parachlorella kessleri, Stichococcus bacillaris, Tetradesmus acuminatus, Tetradesmus obliquus, and Tetraselmis gracilis, on ruminal methane (CH4) production, nutrient digestibility, and rumen fermentation using the in vitro Hohenheim gas test. The microalgae were cultured in a carbon dioxide (CO2) incubator at 2% CO2, at the optimal conditions for each strain. The highest producers were P. kessleri and T. obliquus, with a biomass concentration of 0.69 and 0.73 g/L·d, respectively. Their PUFA contents ranged from 33.2% to 69.1% of total fatty acids. Microalgae were tested at a 15% replacement in a control basal diet of 40.0% DM grass silage, 40.0% maize silage, 15% hay, and 5% concentrate. Data were analyzed using a mixed model in R. Ruminal CH4 production was reduced by 15.4%, 17.4%, and 16.4% in diets containing A. protothecoides, C. luteoviridis, and P. kessleri, respectively, compared with the control diet. Similarly, these diets reduced in vitro organic matter digestibility by 3.5%, 5.2%, and 5.4%, respectively. However, only A. protothecoides reduced CH4/CO2 ratio by 3.5% compared with the control diet. Propionate molar proportion was decreased by 2.4, 3.0, 2.5, and 2.5 percentage points for diets containing Ch. pulvinate, E. mutabilis, P. kessleri, and T. obliquus, respectively. Marginal effects of dietary variables were analyzed using the generalized additive model framework, revealing a negative relationship between dietary PUFA, sulfur content, and CH4 production, and a negative relationship between dietary PUFA and CH4/CO2 ratio. Incorporating high-PUFA microalgae in ruminant diets shows potential for reducing enteric CH4 emissions, warranting further investigation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4204d78993b042be8eac6cec36d32445 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0022-0302 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Journal of Dairy Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-4204d78993b042be8eac6cec36d324452025-08-20T02:13:16ZengElsevierJournal of Dairy Science0022-03022025-04-0110843673368910.3168/jds.2024-25749Effect of 10 freshwater microalgae on in vitro methane mitigation and rumen fermentationYang Li0Mariluz Bagnoud-Velásquez1Yixin Zhang2Kai Wang3Lenka Punčochářová4Carmen Kunz5Sebastian Dubois6Rong Peng7Alexandra Baumeyer Brahier8Fabian Wahl9Mutian Niu10Animal Nutrition, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, SwitzerlandMicrobial Food Systems, Agroscope, 3003 Bern, SwitzerlandAnimal Nutrition, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, SwitzerlandAnimal Nutrition, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, SwitzerlandBrno University of Technology, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, 61200 Brno, Czech RepublicAnimal Nutrition, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, SwitzerlandMethods Development and Analytics Research Division, Agroscope, 1725 Possieux, SwitzerlandAnimal Nutrition, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, SwitzerlandMicrobial Food Systems, Agroscope, 3003 Bern, SwitzerlandMicrobial Food Systems, Agroscope, 3003 Bern, SwitzerlandAnimal Nutrition, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; Corresponding authorABSTRACT: Agriculture is at the pivot point between anthroposphere, biosphere, and atmosphere. Innovative solutions are needed to reduce agricultural emissions and improve sustainability. Microalgae animal feed could be such a solution. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 10 freshwater microalgae: Auxenochlorella protothecoides, Chlamydomonas pulvinate, Chlorella luteoviridis, Chlorella variabilis, Euglena mutabilis, Parachlorella kessleri, Stichococcus bacillaris, Tetradesmus acuminatus, Tetradesmus obliquus, and Tetraselmis gracilis, on ruminal methane (CH4) production, nutrient digestibility, and rumen fermentation using the in vitro Hohenheim gas test. The microalgae were cultured in a carbon dioxide (CO2) incubator at 2% CO2, at the optimal conditions for each strain. The highest producers were P. kessleri and T. obliquus, with a biomass concentration of 0.69 and 0.73 g/L·d, respectively. Their PUFA contents ranged from 33.2% to 69.1% of total fatty acids. Microalgae were tested at a 15% replacement in a control basal diet of 40.0% DM grass silage, 40.0% maize silage, 15% hay, and 5% concentrate. Data were analyzed using a mixed model in R. Ruminal CH4 production was reduced by 15.4%, 17.4%, and 16.4% in diets containing A. protothecoides, C. luteoviridis, and P. kessleri, respectively, compared with the control diet. Similarly, these diets reduced in vitro organic matter digestibility by 3.5%, 5.2%, and 5.4%, respectively. However, only A. protothecoides reduced CH4/CO2 ratio by 3.5% compared with the control diet. Propionate molar proportion was decreased by 2.4, 3.0, 2.5, and 2.5 percentage points for diets containing Ch. pulvinate, E. mutabilis, P. kessleri, and T. obliquus, respectively. Marginal effects of dietary variables were analyzed using the generalized additive model framework, revealing a negative relationship between dietary PUFA, sulfur content, and CH4 production, and a negative relationship between dietary PUFA and CH4/CO2 ratio. Incorporating high-PUFA microalgae in ruminant diets shows potential for reducing enteric CH4 emissions, warranting further investigation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030225000931ruminantmicroalgaePUFAmethane mitigationrumen fermentation |
| spellingShingle | Yang Li Mariluz Bagnoud-Velásquez Yixin Zhang Kai Wang Lenka Punčochářová Carmen Kunz Sebastian Dubois Rong Peng Alexandra Baumeyer Brahier Fabian Wahl Mutian Niu Effect of 10 freshwater microalgae on in vitro methane mitigation and rumen fermentation Journal of Dairy Science ruminant microalgae PUFA methane mitigation rumen fermentation |
| title | Effect of 10 freshwater microalgae on in vitro methane mitigation and rumen fermentation |
| title_full | Effect of 10 freshwater microalgae on in vitro methane mitigation and rumen fermentation |
| title_fullStr | Effect of 10 freshwater microalgae on in vitro methane mitigation and rumen fermentation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of 10 freshwater microalgae on in vitro methane mitigation and rumen fermentation |
| title_short | Effect of 10 freshwater microalgae on in vitro methane mitigation and rumen fermentation |
| title_sort | effect of 10 freshwater microalgae on in vitro methane mitigation and rumen fermentation |
| topic | ruminant microalgae PUFA methane mitigation rumen fermentation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030225000931 |
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