Numerical Investigation of Cavitation Models Combined with RANS and PANS Turbulence Models for Cavitating Flow Around a Hemispherical Head-Form Body
Accurate prediction of cavitating flows is essential for improving the performance and durability of marine and hydrodynamic systems. This study investigates the influence of different cavitation models—Kunz, Merkle, and Schnerr–Sauer—on the numerical prediction of cavitation around a hemispherical...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/4/821 |
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| author | Hyeri Lee Changhun Lee Myoung-Soo Kim Woochan Seok |
| author_facet | Hyeri Lee Changhun Lee Myoung-Soo Kim Woochan Seok |
| author_sort | Hyeri Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Accurate prediction of cavitating flows is essential for improving the performance and durability of marine and hydrodynamic systems. This study investigates the influence of different cavitation models—Kunz, Merkle, and Schnerr–Sauer—on the numerical prediction of cavitation around a hemispherical head-form body using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Additionally, the effects of turbulence modeling approaches, including Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) and partially averaged Navier–Stokes (PANS), are examined to assess their capability in capturing transient cavitation structures and turbulence interactions. The results indicate that the Schnerr–Sauer model, which incorporates bubble dynamics based on the Rayleigh–Plesset equation, provides the most accurate prediction of cavitation structures, closely aligning with experimental data. The Merkle model shows intermediate accuracy, while the Kunz model tends to overpredict cavity closure, limiting its ability to capture unsteady cavitation dynamics. Furthermore, the PANS turbulence model demonstrates superior performance over RANS by resolving more transient cavitation phenomena, such as cavity shedding and re-entrant jets, leading to improved accuracy in pressure distribution and vapor volume fraction predictions. The combination of the PANS turbulence model with the Schnerr–Sauer cavitation model yields the most consistent results with experimental observations, highlighting its effectiveness in modeling highly dynamic cavitating flows. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-41ff0253bd7e4741956ce6f3345b8901 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-41ff0253bd7e4741956ce6f3345b89012025-08-20T02:18:14ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122025-04-0113482110.3390/jmse13040821Numerical Investigation of Cavitation Models Combined with RANS and PANS Turbulence Models for Cavitating Flow Around a Hemispherical Head-Form BodyHyeri Lee0Changhun Lee1Myoung-Soo Kim2Woochan Seok3Department of Marine Convergence Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Marine Convergence Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of KoreaAdvanced-Intelligent Ship Research Division, Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering, Daejeon 34103, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Marine Convergence Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of KoreaAccurate prediction of cavitating flows is essential for improving the performance and durability of marine and hydrodynamic systems. This study investigates the influence of different cavitation models—Kunz, Merkle, and Schnerr–Sauer—on the numerical prediction of cavitation around a hemispherical head-form body using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Additionally, the effects of turbulence modeling approaches, including Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) and partially averaged Navier–Stokes (PANS), are examined to assess their capability in capturing transient cavitation structures and turbulence interactions. The results indicate that the Schnerr–Sauer model, which incorporates bubble dynamics based on the Rayleigh–Plesset equation, provides the most accurate prediction of cavitation structures, closely aligning with experimental data. The Merkle model shows intermediate accuracy, while the Kunz model tends to overpredict cavity closure, limiting its ability to capture unsteady cavitation dynamics. Furthermore, the PANS turbulence model demonstrates superior performance over RANS by resolving more transient cavitation phenomena, such as cavity shedding and re-entrant jets, leading to improved accuracy in pressure distribution and vapor volume fraction predictions. The combination of the PANS turbulence model with the Schnerr–Sauer cavitation model yields the most consistent results with experimental observations, highlighting its effectiveness in modeling highly dynamic cavitating flows.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/4/821cavitationcavitation modelhemispherical head-form bodycomputational fluid dynamics (CFD)partially averaged Navier–Stokes (PANS)Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) |
| spellingShingle | Hyeri Lee Changhun Lee Myoung-Soo Kim Woochan Seok Numerical Investigation of Cavitation Models Combined with RANS and PANS Turbulence Models for Cavitating Flow Around a Hemispherical Head-Form Body Journal of Marine Science and Engineering cavitation cavitation model hemispherical head-form body computational fluid dynamics (CFD) partially averaged Navier–Stokes (PANS) Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) |
| title | Numerical Investigation of Cavitation Models Combined with RANS and PANS Turbulence Models for Cavitating Flow Around a Hemispherical Head-Form Body |
| title_full | Numerical Investigation of Cavitation Models Combined with RANS and PANS Turbulence Models for Cavitating Flow Around a Hemispherical Head-Form Body |
| title_fullStr | Numerical Investigation of Cavitation Models Combined with RANS and PANS Turbulence Models for Cavitating Flow Around a Hemispherical Head-Form Body |
| title_full_unstemmed | Numerical Investigation of Cavitation Models Combined with RANS and PANS Turbulence Models for Cavitating Flow Around a Hemispherical Head-Form Body |
| title_short | Numerical Investigation of Cavitation Models Combined with RANS and PANS Turbulence Models for Cavitating Flow Around a Hemispherical Head-Form Body |
| title_sort | numerical investigation of cavitation models combined with rans and pans turbulence models for cavitating flow around a hemispherical head form body |
| topic | cavitation cavitation model hemispherical head-form body computational fluid dynamics (CFD) partially averaged Navier–Stokes (PANS) Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/4/821 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hyerilee numericalinvestigationofcavitationmodelscombinedwithransandpansturbulencemodelsforcavitatingflowaroundahemisphericalheadformbody AT changhunlee numericalinvestigationofcavitationmodelscombinedwithransandpansturbulencemodelsforcavitatingflowaroundahemisphericalheadformbody AT myoungsookim numericalinvestigationofcavitationmodelscombinedwithransandpansturbulencemodelsforcavitatingflowaroundahemisphericalheadformbody AT woochanseok numericalinvestigationofcavitationmodelscombinedwithransandpansturbulencemodelsforcavitatingflowaroundahemisphericalheadformbody |