Using ATP measurements to rapidly evaluate the cleanliness of spectacle surfaces
Abstract Objective Microbial contamination on used spectacles poses a potential health risk to spectacle wearers and people regularly working with worn spectacles, such as opticians. ATP measurement is widely used to evaluate the cleanliness of surfaces based on the detection of adenosine triphospha...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Research Notes |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-025-07282-4 |
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| author | Nazma Sultana Lupin Birgit Fritz Siegfried Wahl Markus Egert |
| author_facet | Nazma Sultana Lupin Birgit Fritz Siegfried Wahl Markus Egert |
| author_sort | Nazma Sultana Lupin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective Microbial contamination on used spectacles poses a potential health risk to spectacle wearers and people regularly working with worn spectacles, such as opticians. ATP measurement is widely used to evaluate the cleanliness of surfaces based on the detection of adenosine triphosphate, a molecule found in and around living cells. In this study, we investigated the suitability of this method to rapidly and easily evaluate the efficacy of different cleaning methods for spectacles. Additionally, we examined the correlation between ATP content on spectacle surfaces with aerobic and anaerobic bacterial colony counts. We swab-sampled worn spectacles and used an ATP bioluminescence assay to assess the level of cellular contamination. Results Six cleaning methods were tested on ten worn spectacles each, and ATP levels were correlated with both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial counts. All investigated cleaning methods showed a significant median reduction of the ATP content on spectacle surfaces, between 75 and 93%. Germ counts and ATP levels showed no significant correlation for aerobic but for anaerobic cultivation. Higher anaerobic germ counts correlated positively with higher ATP levels. ATP measurement is a suitable method to rapidly and easily demonstrate the efficacy of cleaning measures for spectacle surfaces also under non laboratory conditions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-41fe2277890f451da39afe0bb60b9922 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1756-0500 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Research Notes |
| spelling | doaj-art-41fe2277890f451da39afe0bb60b99222025-08-20T01:52:03ZengBMCBMC Research Notes1756-05002025-05-011811610.1186/s13104-025-07282-4Using ATP measurements to rapidly evaluate the cleanliness of spectacle surfacesNazma Sultana Lupin0Birgit Fritz1Siegfried Wahl2Markus Egert3Faculty of Health, Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Precision Medicine, Microbiology and Hygiene Group, Furtwangen UniversityFaculty of Health, Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Precision Medicine, Microbiology and Hygiene Group, Furtwangen UniversityZEISS Vision Science Lab, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard-Karls-UniversityFaculty of Health, Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Precision Medicine, Microbiology and Hygiene Group, Furtwangen UniversityAbstract Objective Microbial contamination on used spectacles poses a potential health risk to spectacle wearers and people regularly working with worn spectacles, such as opticians. ATP measurement is widely used to evaluate the cleanliness of surfaces based on the detection of adenosine triphosphate, a molecule found in and around living cells. In this study, we investigated the suitability of this method to rapidly and easily evaluate the efficacy of different cleaning methods for spectacles. Additionally, we examined the correlation between ATP content on spectacle surfaces with aerobic and anaerobic bacterial colony counts. We swab-sampled worn spectacles and used an ATP bioluminescence assay to assess the level of cellular contamination. Results Six cleaning methods were tested on ten worn spectacles each, and ATP levels were correlated with both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial counts. All investigated cleaning methods showed a significant median reduction of the ATP content on spectacle surfaces, between 75 and 93%. Germ counts and ATP levels showed no significant correlation for aerobic but for anaerobic cultivation. Higher anaerobic germ counts correlated positively with higher ATP levels. ATP measurement is a suitable method to rapidly and easily demonstrate the efficacy of cleaning measures for spectacle surfaces also under non laboratory conditions.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-025-07282-4SpectaclesHygieneATPRapid methodCleaning |
| spellingShingle | Nazma Sultana Lupin Birgit Fritz Siegfried Wahl Markus Egert Using ATP measurements to rapidly evaluate the cleanliness of spectacle surfaces BMC Research Notes Spectacles Hygiene ATP Rapid method Cleaning |
| title | Using ATP measurements to rapidly evaluate the cleanliness of spectacle surfaces |
| title_full | Using ATP measurements to rapidly evaluate the cleanliness of spectacle surfaces |
| title_fullStr | Using ATP measurements to rapidly evaluate the cleanliness of spectacle surfaces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Using ATP measurements to rapidly evaluate the cleanliness of spectacle surfaces |
| title_short | Using ATP measurements to rapidly evaluate the cleanliness of spectacle surfaces |
| title_sort | using atp measurements to rapidly evaluate the cleanliness of spectacle surfaces |
| topic | Spectacles Hygiene ATP Rapid method Cleaning |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-025-07282-4 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nazmasultanalupin usingatpmeasurementstorapidlyevaluatethecleanlinessofspectaclesurfaces AT birgitfritz usingatpmeasurementstorapidlyevaluatethecleanlinessofspectaclesurfaces AT siegfriedwahl usingatpmeasurementstorapidlyevaluatethecleanlinessofspectaclesurfaces AT markusegert usingatpmeasurementstorapidlyevaluatethecleanlinessofspectaclesurfaces |