Life expectancy loss by education level and sex: the impact of COVID-19 in the US (2020) and their forecasts

Objective: Stratified life expectancy loss by education levels and sex helps measure particular mortality impacts during a catastrophic event. We propose a statistical approach to estimate them using the US case during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Method: First, we estimate life expectancies acco...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Carlos Oviedo, Jose Eliud Silva Urrutia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universidad de Costa Rica 2024-11-01
Series:Población y Salud en Mesoamérica
Subjects:
Online Access:https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/psm/article/view/58896
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850255160621662208
author Carlos Oviedo
Jose Eliud Silva Urrutia
author_facet Carlos Oviedo
Jose Eliud Silva Urrutia
author_sort Carlos Oviedo
collection DOAJ
description Objective: Stratified life expectancy loss by education levels and sex helps measure particular mortality impacts during a catastrophic event. We propose a statistical approach to estimate them using the US case during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Method: First, we estimate life expectancies according to available data, including those years when catastrophic events occur. Second, we use them to calculate a valid multivariate time series VAR(p) model, omitting the respective catastrophic(s) year(s). Through the model, we generate forecasts, which are compared with estimated data, and afterward, the life expectancy losses are quantified as their differences. Results: Less than four times the life expectancy losses with low education compared to the high education group. Our projections also indicate that life expectancies with almost all education falls outside the forecast intervals. Conclusion: The more educated the population is, the less life expectancy is lost. Women always outlive men within each education stratum. Long-term estimates continue to underscore gender disparities in life expectancy.
format Article
id doaj-art-41fcf154180c4c66a96c9e1d94630fbc
institution OA Journals
issn 1659-0201
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Universidad de Costa Rica
record_format Article
series Población y Salud en Mesoamérica
spelling doaj-art-41fcf154180c4c66a96c9e1d94630fbc2025-08-20T01:56:56ZengUniversidad de Costa RicaPoblación y Salud en Mesoamérica1659-02012024-11-0122110.15517/psm.v22i1.58896Life expectancy loss by education level and sex: the impact of COVID-19 in the US (2020) and their forecastsCarlos Oviedo0Jose Eliud Silva Urrutia1Universidad Anáhuac México, MEXICO Universidad Anáhuac México, MEXICO Objective: Stratified life expectancy loss by education levels and sex helps measure particular mortality impacts during a catastrophic event. We propose a statistical approach to estimate them using the US case during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Method: First, we estimate life expectancies according to available data, including those years when catastrophic events occur. Second, we use them to calculate a valid multivariate time series VAR(p) model, omitting the respective catastrophic(s) year(s). Through the model, we generate forecasts, which are compared with estimated data, and afterward, the life expectancy losses are quantified as their differences. Results: Less than four times the life expectancy losses with low education compared to the high education group. Our projections also indicate that life expectancies with almost all education falls outside the forecast intervals. Conclusion: The more educated the population is, the less life expectancy is lost. Women always outlive men within each education stratum. Long-term estimates continue to underscore gender disparities in life expectancy. https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/psm/article/view/58896life expectancy lossVAR modelmultivariate forecastseducation level
spellingShingle Carlos Oviedo
Jose Eliud Silva Urrutia
Life expectancy loss by education level and sex: the impact of COVID-19 in the US (2020) and their forecasts
Población y Salud en Mesoamérica
life expectancy loss
VAR model
multivariate forecasts
education level
title Life expectancy loss by education level and sex: the impact of COVID-19 in the US (2020) and their forecasts
title_full Life expectancy loss by education level and sex: the impact of COVID-19 in the US (2020) and their forecasts
title_fullStr Life expectancy loss by education level and sex: the impact of COVID-19 in the US (2020) and their forecasts
title_full_unstemmed Life expectancy loss by education level and sex: the impact of COVID-19 in the US (2020) and their forecasts
title_short Life expectancy loss by education level and sex: the impact of COVID-19 in the US (2020) and their forecasts
title_sort life expectancy loss by education level and sex the impact of covid 19 in the us 2020 and their forecasts
topic life expectancy loss
VAR model
multivariate forecasts
education level
url https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/psm/article/view/58896
work_keys_str_mv AT carlosoviedo lifeexpectancylossbyeducationlevelandsextheimpactofcovid19intheus2020andtheirforecasts
AT joseeliudsilvaurrutia lifeexpectancylossbyeducationlevelandsextheimpactofcovid19intheus2020andtheirforecasts